Bioprotective and biofertilizing effects of bacteria isolated from the melon rhizosphere: A sustainable strategy for controlling fusarium wilt and enhancing melon yield and quality

IF 3.3 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI:10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102850

Abderrazak Benkebboura , Salma Mouhib , Mohamed Hijri , Cherki Ghoulam , Ahmed Qaddoury

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Melon Fusarium wilt is a major challenge to melon cultivation causing significant economic losses worldwide. While chemical fungicides are effective, concerns about food safety and environmental contamination have increased interest in eco-friendly alternatives with lower health risks for managing this pathogen. This study aimed to isolate, identify and evaluate the antifungal activity of bacteria from the melon rhizosphere against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis and to assess their impact on melon yield and quality under greenhouse and field conditions. In vitro confrontation assays revealed that eight bacterial isolates exhibited significant antagonistic activity compared to the control. The highest inhibition rate, 73.31 % was recorded for Bacillus thuringiensis (PP827365) after three days of incubation. Inoculating melon plants with these identified isolates, particularly B.thuringiensis, significantly enhanced growth, as evidenced by increases in leaf area (≥23.3 %), stem (≥78.3 %), and root biomass (≥85.7 %), along with improved yields (≥69.5 %), fruit quality (firmness (≥87.9 %) and Brix (≥31.2 %)) and reduced Fusarium wilt severity (≥60.1 %). These improvements were attributed on the one hand to the ability of these isolates to enhance hydro-mineral and carbon nutrition, as indicated by increased water (≥32.3 %), potassium (≥91.7 %), phosphorus (≥207.4 %), calcium (≥113.3 %), sugar (≥30.7 %), and chlorophyll (≥52.4 %) contents. On the other hand, to effective management of Fusarium wilt, as evidenced by reduced MDA (≥39.8 %), proline (≥59.9 %), and electrolyte leakage (≥33.8 %), along with increased peroxidase (≥74.4 %), polyphenol oxidase (≥88.2 %), and leaf protein levels (≥177 %). These findings suggest that B.thuringiensis could serve as a promising sustainable strategy for managing Fusarium wilt and boosting melon yields.

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甜瓜根际分离细菌的生物保护和生物施肥作用：防治枯萎病和提高甜瓜产量和品质的可持续策略

甜瓜枯萎病是危害甜瓜种植的主要病害，在世界范围内造成重大经济损失。虽然化学杀菌剂是有效的，但对食品安全和环境污染的担忧增加了人们对管理这种病原体的健康风险较低的环保替代品的兴趣。本研究旨在分离、鉴定和评价甜瓜根际细菌对甜瓜尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sps . melonis）的抑菌活性，并评估其在温室和田间条件下对甜瓜产量和品质的影响。体外对抗实验显示，与对照相比，8株细菌分离株表现出显著的拮抗活性。对苏云金芽孢杆菌（PP827365）的抑菌率最高，达到73.31%。用这些鉴定的分离菌株接种甜瓜植株，特别是苏云金芽孢杆菌，显著促进了甜瓜植株的生长，叶面积（≥23.3%）、茎（≥78.3%）和根生物量（≥85.7%）增加，产量（≥69.5%）、果实品质(硬度（≥87.9%）和甜度（≥31.2%）提高，枯萎病严重程度（≥60.1%）降低。这些改善一方面归因于这些分离株提高水矿物和碳营养的能力，如提高水分（≥32.3%）、钾（≥91.7%）、磷（≥207.4%）、钙（≥113.3%）、糖（≥30.7%）和叶绿素（≥52.4%）含量。另一方面，对枯萎病的有效管理表明，MDA（≥39.8%）、脯氨酸（≥59.9%）和电解质泄漏（≥33.8%）降低，过氧化物酶（≥74.4%）、多酚氧化酶（≥88.2%）和叶片蛋白质水平（≥177%）升高。这些发现表明，苏云金芽孢杆菌可以作为一种有希望的可持续策略来管理枯萎病和提高甜瓜产量。

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来源期刊

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

7.40%

发文量

130

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology provides an International forum for original research papers, reviews, and commentaries on all aspects of the molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, histology and cytology, genetics and evolution of plant-microbe interactions. Papers on all kinds of infective pathogen, including viruses, prokaryotes, fungi, and nematodes, as well as mutualistic organisms such as Rhizobium and mycorrhyzal fungi, are acceptable as long as they have a bearing on the interaction between pathogen and plant.