Futures of Deepfake and society: Myths, metaphors, and future implications for a trustworthy digital future

Abstract

The revolutionizing journey of technology has traveled so far from simple Artificial intelligence to advanced Machine learning using deep learning algorithms. These algorithms generate high-level realistic content, either audio or video, that is indistinguishable from human cognition, known as Deepfake. Deepfake technology jeopardized the quality of information and trust in society. Therefore, this study aims to explore and uncover the hidden myths, metaphors, worldviews, and societal systematic causes of deepfake technology and identify the potential risk reduction strategies from a strategic foresight perspective using Causal Layered Analysis (CLA). This was achieved by the qualitative review of statistical data conducted at the mass level and case studies related to the current and future implications of deepfake across various societal domains. Our findings reveal that Deepfake technology erodes trust in digital media, causing suicides due to psychological distress while presenting risks and opportunities. Based on CLA outcomes, future recommendations are formulated to minimize deepfake creation and the victimization process. Also, increased awareness, regulation, and education are essential to mitigate its negative impacts and harness its benefits. However, the technology also presents opportunities for positive applications in education and entertainment. The results underscore the need for enhanced media literacy and regulatory frameworks to address the challenges posed by deepfakes while harnessing their potential benefits. Potential Future research should focus on developing effective detection methods and public awareness campaigns.