Effect of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (Fog Vision +0.50 D) Combined With 0.01% Atropine on the Preclinical and Early Stages of Myopia in Children.

Abstract

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze the efficacy of multi-zone positive optical defocus lenses (DIMS) + fog vision + 0.01% atropine for the treatment of children with preclinical and early stages of myopia.

Methods: The axial length (AL) and refraction were analyzed at baseline and after 12 months of follow-up in 192 eyes treated with combined therapy. The success of treatment was defined as an annual AL growth rate within the physiological growth range and myopia progression of -0.50 diopters (D)/year or greater. Subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the percentage of treatment success in the overall population compared to the subgroups based on baseline AL and age.

Results: Overall, the success rates were 87% and 93% for AL control and myopia control, respectively. Compared to before combined therapy, there was an increase in AL after treatment (boys: P < .001; girls: P < .001). The change in spherical equivalent (SE) was consistent with the change in AL, with both boys and girls showing an increase in SE after treatment, with a statistically significant difference in girls (boys: P = .059; girls: P = .001). There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of treatment success in either boys or girls based on baseline AL and age subgroups compared to the overall population.

Conclusions: The treatment regimen of DIMS + fog vision + 0.01% atropine demonstrated significant control effects on myopia in preclinical and early stages of myopia in children across different genders, baseline ALs, and ages. Timely intervention is recommended once a tendency toward myopia is observed in children.