To grow or not to grow: the enigma of plant root growth dynamism.

IF 3.8 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Drishti Mandal, Saptarshi Datta, Sicon Mitra, Swarnavo Chakraborty, Ronita Nag Chaudhuri
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Abstract

Root growth and modulation in plants is a highly dynamic yet strictly regulated process. Primary root development in Arabidopsis for example, is an intricate balance between cell division in the meristematic zone and cell elongation in the elongation zone, followed by subsequent differentiation. This process involves an orchestrated series of events that depend on environmental and developmental cues. Regulation is imparted by a complex network of hormone signaling primarily involving auxin, in crosstalk with cytokinin, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene and others. In course of evolution, plants have developed an incredible array of mechanisms to address water scarcity, including modulation of root system architecture. During low to moderate water deficiency plants, adopt a "searching-for-water" strategy evoking growth-promoting responses. This is marked by elongation of the primary root for water exploration in deeper soil layers. However, during severe drought stress, plants resort to a "stop growth" strategy and restrict root growth, to conserve resources and energy for survival. The balance between these adaptive responses is critically regulated by key phytohormones which interact synergistically or antagonistically, to control root growth under varying levels of water shortage. Understanding these adaptation strategies as to how plants integrate environmental cues and associated hormone signaling to influence root growth generates a wide range of possibilities for agricultural innovation. This article aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms acquired by the root system at the morphological, physiological, and molecular levels, under optimum growth conditions and in response to varying degrees of water paucity.

生长还是不生长:植物根系生长动力之谜。
植物根系的生长和调控是一个高度动态但又受到严格调控的过程。例如,拟南芥的初生根发育是分生组织区细胞分裂和伸长区细胞伸长之间的复杂平衡,然后是随后的分化。这一过程包括一系列依赖于环境和发育线索的精心安排的事件。调节是由一个复杂的激素信号网络所赋予的,主要涉及生长素,与细胞分裂素、脱落酸、茉莉酸、乙烯和其他物质串扰。在进化过程中,植物已经发展出一系列令人难以置信的机制来解决缺水问题,包括调节根系结构。在低至中度缺水期间,植物采取“寻水”策略,唤起促进生长的反应。其特征是初生根的伸长,以便在较深的土层中探测水分。然而,在严重的干旱胁迫下,植物采取“停止生长”策略,限制根系生长,以保存生存所需的资源和能量。这些适应性反应之间的平衡受到关键植物激素的调节,这些激素协同或拮抗地相互作用,以控制不同缺水水平下的根系生长。了解这些适应策略,以及植物如何整合环境信号和相关激素信号来影响根系生长,为农业创新提供了广泛的可能性。本文旨在从形态、生理和分子水平上综述在最佳生长条件下根系对不同程度缺水的响应机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Plant Molecular Biology
Plant Molecular Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
自引率
2.00%
发文量
95
审稿时长
1.4 months
期刊介绍: Plant Molecular Biology is an international journal dedicated to rapid publication of original research articles in all areas of plant biology.The Editorial Board welcomes full-length manuscripts that address important biological problems of broad interest, including research in comparative genomics, functional genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics, computational biology, biochemical and regulatory networks, and biotechnology. Because space in the journal is limited, however, preference is given to publication of results that provide significant new insights into biological problems and that advance the understanding of structure, function, mechanisms, or regulation. Authors must ensure that results are of high quality and that manuscripts are written for a broad plant science audience.
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