Biogeomorphology and carbon sequestration in a coastal shoal invaded by Spartina alterniflora in the Yangtze Estuary: 22-year simulation for management implication

IF 4.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Ke-Hua Zhu , Zhen-Ming Ge , Ying Huang , Lei-Hua Zhao , Zeng-Feng Li , Wei Zhao , Hua-Yu Chen , Dan Zhang , Hai-Feng Cheng , Wei Zhang , Pei Xin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Coastal wetlands are key global carbon sinks and are sensitive to human activities, biological invasion, and hydro-sedimentary processes. Spartina alterniflora has invaded China's coastal region for more than 40 years. This study developed a coupled model synthesizing vegetation dynamic, biogeomorphological processes, and carbon sequestration (land-atmosphere CO2 flux) for coastal salt marshes invaded by S. alterniflora in the Yangtze Estuary. The model was validated against measurements of vegetation community dynamics, topographic evolution, and CO2 flux, and thus the modeling results were used to characterize the 22-year variation in biogeomorphological development and carbon sequestration in a salt marsh (Jiuduansha Wetland National Nature Reserve) in the estuary. The modeled and measured results from 2000 to 2022 showed that the total vegetation area continuously increased in the salt marsh, whereas S. alterniflora exhibited robust proliferation capabilities and interspecies competitiveness, manifesting a much higher expansion rate than the dominant native species (Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter). The model reproduced the topographic evolution of the coastal shoal, indicating positive feedback between platform elevation and vegetation expansion. The model also captured species-specific net ecosystem exchange at different temporal scales. From 2000 to 2022, contribution rates of gross primary production and net ecosystem exchange by the invasive S. alterniflora increased from 40 % to 74 % and 38 % to 71 %, respectively. As a result, the contribution rate of carbon sequestration by the native species declined to less than 30 %. The invasive S. alterniflora is the predominant contributor to carbon sequestration in salt marshes due to its rapid colonization and high photosynthetic efficiency. Our model is useful for predicting the effects of coastal engineering for S. alterniflora eradication on geomorphology and carbon dynamics and assessing the feasibility of native species restoration.
长江口互花米草入侵滨海浅滩的生物地貌与碳固存:22年模拟及其管理意义
海岸带湿地是全球重要的碳汇,对人类活动、生物入侵和水文沉积过程十分敏感。互花米草入侵中国沿海地区已有40多年的历史。摘要建立了互花草入侵长江口滨海盐沼植被动态、生物地貌过程和固碳(陆地-大气CO2通量)耦合模型。利用植被群落动态、地形演变和CO2通量等数据对模型进行了验证,并利用模型结果对河口盐沼(九段沙湿地国家级自然保护区)22年的生物地貌发展和固碳变化进行了表征。2000 - 2022年的模拟和测量结果表明,盐沼植被面积持续增加,互花草的增殖能力和种间竞争能力较强,扩张率远高于优势本土物种芦苇和海棘草。该模型再现了海岸浅滩的地形演变,表明台地高程与植被扩张之间存在正反馈关系。该模型还捕获了不同时间尺度下物种特有的净生态系统交换。从2000年到2022年,互花草的总初级生产和净生态系统交换贡献率分别从40%和38%增加到74%和71%。因此,本地物种的固碳贡献率下降到30%以下。入侵互花蓟马因其快速定植和高光合效率而成为盐沼固碳的主要贡献者。该模型可用于预测互花草海岸工程对地貌和碳动态的影响,以及评估本地物种恢复的可行性。
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来源期刊
Ecological Engineering
Ecological Engineering 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
5.30%
发文量
293
审稿时长
57 days
期刊介绍: Ecological engineering has been defined as the design of ecosystems for the mutual benefit of humans and nature. The journal is meant for ecologists who, because of their research interests or occupation, are involved in designing, monitoring, or restoring ecosystems, and can serve as a bridge between ecologists and engineers. Specific topics covered in the journal include: habitat reconstruction; ecotechnology; synthetic ecology; bioengineering; restoration ecology; ecology conservation; ecosystem rehabilitation; stream and river restoration; reclamation ecology; non-renewable resource conservation. Descriptions of specific applications of ecological engineering are acceptable only when situated within context of adding novelty to current research and emphasizing ecosystem restoration. We do not accept purely descriptive reports on ecosystem structures (such as vegetation surveys), purely physical assessment of materials that can be used for ecological restoration, small-model studies carried out in the laboratory or greenhouse with artificial (waste)water or crop studies, or case studies on conventional wastewater treatment and eutrophication that do not offer an ecosystem restoration approach within the paper.
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