SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody and T cell response in MS patients on high efficacy therapies post vaccine

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Journal of neuroimmunology Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2025.578694

Shrishti Saxena , Alena Zhirova , Rajesh Krishnan , Brian Healy , Eunnindy Sanon , Niveditha Gopalakrishnan , Alyssa Solberg , Sarah Conway , Tanuja Chitnis

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

There is limited knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody and long-term T cell responses in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients on high efficacy treatments post SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Objectives

To assess spike antibody and T cell responses in MS patients on fingolimod (FIN), ocrelizumab (OCR) and healthy controls (HC) post vaccine.

Methods

We studied spike antibody seroconversion rates and T cell responses by flow cytometry in HC and MS patients.

Results

The seroconversion rate in FIN patients after 2-vax at 2-3 m 6/8 (75 %), 5-6 m 9/9 (100 %) and after 3 vax at 2-3 m 12/12 (100 %), 5-6 m 16/19 (84.21 %) and 8-12 m 5/5 (100 %). The seroconversion rate in OCR patients after 2-vax at 2-3 m 8/29 (27.6 %), 5-6 m 3/16 (18.8 %), 8-12 m 1/3 (33.3 %) and after 3 vax at 2-3 m 12/12 (100 %), 5-6 m 10/21 (47.6 %) and 8-12 m 7/12 (58.33 %). HC show a 100 % seroconversion rate. HC and OCR patients preserve both the percentage and absolute number of CD4+ T cells. FIN patients have a profound CD4+ T cell loss but compensatory rise in CD8+ T cell percentages. FIN patients exhibit the highest percentage of IFNγ+ CD4+ T cells and IFNγ+/TNFα+ CD8+ T cells.

Conclusions

Healthy controls show the highest spike antibody seroconversion rate while ocrelizumab treated patients remain low even after a third dose despite preserved CD4+ counts, whereas fingolimod treated patients lose CD4+ T cells but compensate with inflated CD8+ frequencies and a cytokine rich effector T cell profile.

查看原文本刊更多论文

疫苗后高效治疗的MS患者SARS-CoV-2刺突抗体和T细胞反应

背景目前对SARS-CoV-2疫苗高效治疗后多发性硬化症（MS）患者的刺突抗体和长期T细胞反应的了解有限。目的评价MS患者接种芬戈莫（FIN）、奥克雷单抗（OCR）和健康对照（HC）疫苗后的刺突抗体和T细胞反应。方法采用流式细胞术研究HC和MS患者的尖峰抗体血清转化率和T细胞反应。结果2-vax后血清转化率为2-3 m 6/8 (75%), 5-6 m 9/9 (100%)， 3 vax后血清转化率为2-3 m 12/12 (100%), 5-6 m 16/19 (84.21%), 8-12 m 5/5（100%）。2-vax后OCR患者血清转换率为2-3 m 8/29 (27.6%), 5-6 m 3/16 (18.8%), 8-12 m 1/3 (33.3%)， 3 vax后2-3 m 12/12 (100%), 5-6 m 10/21（47.6%）和8-12 m 7/12（58.33%）。HC显示100%的血清转化率。HC和OCR患者均保留CD4+ T细胞的百分比和绝对数量。FIN患者有严重的CD4+ T细胞损失，但CD8+ T细胞百分比代偿性升高。FIN患者的IFNγ+ CD4+ T细胞和IFNγ+/TNFα+ CD8+ T细胞比例最高。结论：健康对照组显示出最高的尖峰抗体血清转化率，而奥克雷珠单抗治疗的患者即使在第三次剂量后仍保持较低的水平，尽管CD4+计数保持不变，而fingolimod治疗的患者失去了CD4+ T细胞，但CD8+频率升高并补偿了富含细胞因子的效应T细胞谱。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of neuroimmunology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

3.00%

发文量

154

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Neuroimmunology affords a forum for the publication of works applying immunologic methodology to the furtherance of the neurological sciences. Studies on all branches of the neurosciences, particularly fundamental and applied neurobiology, neurology, neuropathology, neurochemistry, neurovirology, neuroendocrinology, neuromuscular research, neuropharmacology and psychology, which involve either immunologic methodology (e.g. immunocytochemistry) or fundamental immunology (e.g. antibody and lymphocyte assays), are considered for publication.