Implications of shared motor and perceptual activations on the sensorimotor cortex for neuroprosthetic decoding.

IF 3.8
Alexander B Silva, Jessie R Liu, Vanessa R Anderson, Cady M Kurtz-Miott, Irina P Hallinan, Kaylo T Littlejohn, Samantha C Brosler, Adelyn Tu-Chan, Karunesh Ganguly, David A Moses, Edward F Chang
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Abstract

Objective.Neuroprostheses can restore communicative ability to people with paralysis by decoding intended speech motor movements from the sensorimotor cortex (SMC). However, overlapping neural populations in the SMC are also engaged in visual and auditory perceptual processing. The nature of these shared motor and perceptual activations and their potential to interfere with decoding are particularly relevant questions for speech neuroprostheses, as reading and listening are essential daily functions.Approach.In two participants with vocal-tract paralysis and anarthria (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT03698149), we developed an online electrocorticography (ECoG) based speech-decoding system that maintained accuracy and specificity to intended speech, even during common daily tasks like reading and listening. Offline, we studied the spectrotemporal characteristics and spatial distribution of reading, listening, and attempted-speech responses across our participants' ECoG arrays.Main results.Across participants, the speech-decoding system had zero false-positive activations during 63.2 min of attempted speech and perceptual tasks, maintaining accuracy and specificity to volitional speech attempts. Offline, though we observed shared neural populations that responded to attempted speech, listening, and reading, we found they leveraged different neural representations with differentiable spectrotemporal responses. Shared populations localized to the middle precentral gyrus and may have a distinct role in speech-motor planning.Significance.Potential neuroprosthesis users strongly desire reliable systems that will retain specificity to volitional speech attempts during daily use. These results demonstrate a decoding framework for speech neuroprostheses that maintains this specificity and further our understanding of shared perceptual and motor activity on the SMC.

共享运动和知觉激活在感觉运动皮层对神经假肢解码的影响。
目的:神经假体通过解码感觉运动皮层(SMC)的预期言语运动来恢复瘫痪患者的交流能力。然而,SMC中重叠的神经群也参与视觉和听觉感知加工。这些共同的运动和知觉激活的性质及其干扰解码的潜力是言语神经假肢特别相关的问题,因为阅读和听力是必不可少的日常功能。方法:在两名声道麻痹和无关节炎的参与者中(ClinicalTrials.gov;NCT03698149),我们开发了一种基于在线皮质电图(ECoG)的语音解码系统,即使在阅读和听力等日常任务中,也能保持对预期语音的准确性和特异性。在离线状态下,我们研究了阅读、听力和语音尝试反应在参与者ECoG阵列上的光谱时间特征和空间分布。主要结果:在63.2分钟的语音和感知任务中,语音解码系统的误报激活为零,保持了对意志语音尝试的准确性和特异性。离线时,虽然我们观察到对尝试说话、听力和阅读做出反应的共享神经群,但我们发现它们利用不同的神经表征来实现可微分的光谱时间反应。共享的种群定位于中央前回中部,可能在言语运动规划中起着独特的作用。意义:潜在的神经义肢使用者强烈希望可靠的系统能够在日常使用中保留对意志言语尝试的特异性。这些结果证明了语音神经假体的解码框架,它保持了这种特异性,并进一步加深了我们对SMC上共同的感知和运动活动的理解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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