Ophthalmologic management in KID syndrome: Long-term clinical experience

Abstract

Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome is a rare disease caused by mutations in the GJB2 gene. This gene encodes the protein connexin 26, which is essential for gap junctions in the epidermis, inner ear and corneal epithelium. Clinically, it is characterised by dermal hyperkeratotic lesions, sensorineural deafness and chronic keratitis that is difficult to manage. We describe two siblings diagnosed with KID syndrome who were followed up in our department for more than 15 years. Both developed numerous ocular complications associated with chronic keratitis and limbar insufficiency that required multiple keratoplasties, systemic immunosuppression and even keratoprosthesis. This case is noteworthy for the long-term follow-up of this condition and the difficult ocular management, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and personalised therapeutic strategies.