Venom ophthalmia from a spitting Samar cobra (Naja samarensis): A case of corneal injury

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Toxicon Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108508

Carly Jane Acidre , Jonathan Paghubasan , Kyla Ilagan , Mercy Grace Beronilla-Uraga , Yoshihiro Aoki

{"title":"Venom ophthalmia from a spitting Samar cobra (Naja samarensis): A case of corneal injury","authors":"Carly Jane Acidre , Jonathan Paghubasan , Kyla Ilagan , Mercy Grace Beronilla-Uraga , Yoshihiro Aoki","doi":"10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108508","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Snake venom ophthalmia is a potentially blinding condition requiring prompt management. This case presents the first detailed ophthalmologic examination of Samar cobra (<em>Naja samarensis</em>) venom ophthalmia, an endemic Philippine species. A 47-year-old Filipino male reported immediate burning sensation and eye irritation after being spat on while clearing debris under his home. Clinical examination revealed conjunctival hyperemia and right eye swelling. The patient received immediate irrigation with Lactated Ringer's solution through a Morgan lens, followed by topical antibiotics. Slit lamp examination confirmed punctate epithelial erosions on the cornea, documenting corneal injury specific to this species. The patient recovered completely within five days with appropriate medical management. While recent literature reports corneal complications in Asian cobra ophthalmia, this case provides the first corneal documentation in <em>N. samarensis</em> envenomation. Our findings contribute valuable clinical evidence for managing this endemic Philippine species and emphasize the importance of routine ophthalmologic evaluation in spitting cobra exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23289,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 108508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Toxicon","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041010125002831","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Snake venom ophthalmia is a potentially blinding condition requiring prompt management. This case presents the first detailed ophthalmologic examination of Samar cobra (Naja samarensis) venom ophthalmia, an endemic Philippine species. A 47-year-old Filipino male reported immediate burning sensation and eye irritation after being spat on while clearing debris under his home. Clinical examination revealed conjunctival hyperemia and right eye swelling. The patient received immediate irrigation with Lactated Ringer's solution through a Morgan lens, followed by topical antibiotics. Slit lamp examination confirmed punctate epithelial erosions on the cornea, documenting corneal injury specific to this species. The patient recovered completely within five days with appropriate medical management. While recent literature reports corneal complications in Asian cobra ophthalmia, this case provides the first corneal documentation in N. samarensis envenomation. Our findings contribute valuable clinical evidence for managing this endemic Philippine species and emphasize the importance of routine ophthalmologic evaluation in spitting cobra exposures.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

吐舌眼镜蛇（Naja samarensis）引起的毒液性眼炎：一例角膜损伤。

蛇毒眼炎是一种潜在的致盲疾病，需要及时治疗。本病例首次详细的眼科检查Samar眼镜蛇（Naja samarensis）毒液眼炎，菲律宾特有的物种。一名47岁的菲律宾男性报告说，在清理房屋下面的碎片时，被人吐口水，立即产生了灼烧感和眼睛不适。临床检查显示结膜充血，右眼肿胀。患者立即通过摩根晶状体用乳酸林格氏液冲洗，然后局部使用抗生素。裂隙灯检查证实角膜上有点状上皮侵蚀，记录了该物种特有的角膜损伤。在适当的医疗管理下，患者在5天内完全康复。虽然最近的文献报道了亚洲眼镜蛇眼病的角膜并发症，但这个病例提供了第一个关于眼镜蛇中毒的角膜记录。我们的研究结果为管理这一菲律宾特有物种提供了有价值的临床证据，并强调了在吐痰眼镜蛇暴露中进行常规眼科评估的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Toxicon 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

10.70%

发文量

358

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Toxicon has an open access mirror Toxicon: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. An introductory offer Toxicon: X - full waiver of the Open Access fee. Toxicon''s "aims and scope" are to publish: -articles containing the results of original research on problems related to toxins derived from animals, plants and microorganisms -papers on novel findings related to the chemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and immunological properties of natural toxins -molecular biological studies of toxins and other genes from poisonous and venomous organisms that advance understanding of the role or function of toxins -clinical observations on poisoning and envenoming where a new therapeutic principle has been proposed or a decidedly superior clinical result has been obtained. -material on the use of toxins as tools in studying biological processes and material on subjects related to venom and antivenom problems. -articles on the translational application of toxins, for example as drugs and insecticides -epidemiological studies on envenoming or poisoning, so long as they highlight a previously unrecognised medical problem or provide insight into the prevention or medical treatment of envenoming or poisoning. Retrospective surveys of hospital records, especially those lacking species identification, will not be considered for publication. Properly designed prospective community-based surveys are strongly encouraged. -articles describing well-known activities of venoms, such as antibacterial, anticancer, and analgesic activities of arachnid venoms, without any attempt to define the mechanism of action or purify the active component, will not be considered for publication in Toxicon. -review articles on problems related to toxinology. To encourage the exchange of ideas, sections of the journal may be devoted to Short Communications, Letters to the Editor and activities of the affiliated societies.