Early daratumumab-based therapy demonstrates significant effectiveness in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: a real-world retrospective investigation.

Abstract

This research aimed to assess the effectiveness of daratumumab in the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) within a real - world setting. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients diagnosed with RRMM at the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University from 2018 to 2024. The study cohort consisted of 62 patients, with a median age of 62 years. 80.6% of patients received one line therapy before administration of daratumumab. The median follow - up duration was 16.1 (1.9 - 69.6) months, and the median number of daratumumab treatment cycles was 7.5 (1 - 72) courses. Among the 56 evaluable cases, the overall response rate (ORR) was 89.3%, which included 11 cases (19.6%) attaining a stringent complete response (sCR) and 13 cases (23.2%) achieving a complete response (CR). The median progression free survival (PFS) of the entire cohort was 25.2 months. The 1 - year and 3 - year PFS rates were 75.2% and 25.4% respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was 42.7 months. The 1 - year and 3 - year OS rates were 84.2% and 62.8% respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that poor performance status was independent unfavorable prognostic factors for PFS and OS. In conclusions, an early daratumumab - based treatment regimen has demonstrated promising therapeutic potential for treating RRMM and warrants further validation and exploration in future clinical practice.