Artemisia annua sublingual immunotherapy in pediatric patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: Comparison to adult patients.

IF 2.1 Q3 ALLERGY

Asia Pacific Allergy Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-17 DOI:10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000197

Yan Feng, Yan Zhao, Hui-Xuan Hu, Niu-Niu Dong, Ying Liu, Zhi-Ying Zheng, Min Zhang, Jin-Fang Wang, Li-Na Jia

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Mounting evidence supports the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) due to its favorable safety profile and convenience. However, there is limited research comparing the efficacy and safety of SLIT between adults and children.

Objective: The aim of this prospective study is to contribute additional corroborative findings by evaluating the efficacy and safety of a SLIT vaccine formulated with Artemisia annua extracts in children and adult patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SARC).

Methods: SARC patients (n = 75, SLIT group: 49, control group: 26) allergic to Artemisia were treated with a standardized SLIT or symptomatic drug following the end of the grass pollen season in 2022. Evaluation of the efficacy of SLIT during the peak pollen phase (PPP) in 2023 was based on combined scores of medication and rhinoconjunctivitis symptom (CSMRS) and visual analog scale (VAS). Tolerability assessment was based on the incidence of local or systemic reactions.

Results: Compared with the control group, the SLIT group showed significant improvement in CSMRS after 1 year of treatment with Artemisia annua-SLIT (P < 0.001). Besides, Artemisia annua-SLIT significantly reduced VAS to a greater level from baseline (P < 0.001) than pharmacotherapy (P < 0.01) at the PPP in 2023. Meanwhile, our observations revealed no significant differences in CSMRS or VAS between the monosensitized group (n = 14) and polysensitized group (n = 35), as well as between the <18 age group and ≥18 age group within the SLIT cohort in terms of clinical efficacy (P > 0.05). No severe systemic adverse events (AEs) were reported. Overall, 20/49 patients experienced mild to moderate treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) following Artemisia annua-SLIT. In the <18 age group, 20% of patients (3/15) experienced TRAEs, while in the ≥18 age group, 50% of patients (17/34) experienced TRAEs.

Conclusion: For patients suffering from SARC, Artemisia annua-SLIT demonstrates significant therapeutic efficacy and an excellent safety profile. Notably, we have provided the first evidence that the efficacy of Artemisia annua-SLIT is consistent across both adult and pediatric populations.

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青蒿舌下免疫治疗儿童季节性变应性鼻结膜炎：与成人患者的比较。

背景：越来越多的证据支持舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）的有效性，因为它具有良好的安全性和便利性。然而，比较成人和儿童之间SLIT的有效性和安全性的研究有限。目的：本前瞻性研究的目的是通过评估青蒿提取物配制的SLIT疫苗对儿童和成人季节性变应性鼻结膜炎（SARC）患者的有效性和安全性，提供额外的证实性发现。方法：对青蒿过敏的SARC患者（75例，SLIT组49例，对照组26例）于2022年草花粉季节结束后，采用标准化SLIT或对症药物治疗。2023年花粉高峰期（PPP） SLIT疗效评价采用药物与鼻结膜炎症状（CSMRS）及视觉模拟量表（VAS）综合评分。耐受性评估是基于局部或全身反应的发生率。结果：与对照组相比，狭缝组治疗1年后CSMRS有显著改善（P < 0.001）。此外，在2023年PPP时，青蒿- slit显著降低VAS至高于基线水平（P < 0.001），高于药物治疗（P < 0.01）。同时，我们的观察显示，单致敏组（n = 14）和多致敏组（n = 35）之间的CSMRS和VAS无显著差异，P < 0.05)。无严重的全身不良事件（ae）报告。总体而言，20/49的患者在青蒿- slit治疗后出现轻度至中度治疗相关不良事件（TRAEs）。结论：青蒿- slit对SARC患者具有显著的治疗效果和良好的安全性。值得注意的是，我们提供了第一个证据，证明青蒿- slit的疗效在成人和儿科人群中是一致的。

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来源期刊

Asia Pacific Allergy ALLERGY-

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

5.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Asia Pacific Allergy (AP Allergy) is the official journal of the Asia Pacific Association of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology (APAAACI). Although the primary aim of the journal is to promote communication between Asia Pacific scientists who are interested in allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology including immunodeficiency, the journal is intended to be available worldwide. To enable scientists and clinicians from emerging societies appreciate the scope and intent of the journal, early issues will contain more educational review material. For better communication and understanding, it will include rational concepts related to the diagnosis and management of asthma and other immunological conditions. Over time, the journal will increase the number of original research papers to become the foremost citation journal for allergy and clinical immunology information of the Asia Pacific in the future.