Effects of Physical Activity on the Gut Microbiota in Late Pregnancy

Abstract

Introduction

This investigation examined how moderate physical activity in late pregnancy affects gut microbiota using next-generation sequencing techniques, providing evidence of maternal benefits health.

Method

A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 23 pregnant women at 32 weeks of gestation. Fecal samples were subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing, and daily physical activity levels were recorded. Participants were stratified into two groups: T1 (≥30 minutes/day, consisting of 18 women) and T2 (<30 minutes/day, consisting of 5 women). Bioinformatics methods were employed to analyze gut microbiota composition, diversity, and its correlation with physical activity levels.

Results

The dominant phyla identified in both groups included Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinomycetes, and Proteobacteria. Alpha diversity and principal coordinate analysis indicated no significant differences in microbial diversity. However, LEfSe analysis identified an enrichment of Christensenellaceae and Prevotella stercorea in group T2. The T1 group demonstrated a more complex and stable gut microbial network, illustrated by positive correlations among the microbes. Spearman analysis revealed significant associations between activity levels and specific gut microbes: sedentary behavior was correlated with Romboutsia (P = 0.033, R = -0.445) and Senegalimassilia (P = 0.043, R = -0.443); light-intensity activity with Phascolarctobacterium (P = 0.015, R = -0.500); and moderate-intensity activity with Parasutterella (P = 0.040, R = 0.432).

Discussion

Moderate physical activity during late pregnancy enhances the stability and complexity of gut microbiota, providing benefits for maternal health. Next-generation sequencing offers valuable insights into the relationship between exercise and gut microbiota in pregnant women.