A green ammonia utilization pathway: Integrated ammonia-solid oxide fuel cell systems for efficient power generation

IF 23.8 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

EnergyChem Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI:10.1016/j.enchem.2025.100167

Xusheng Wang , Mingchen Gao , Alexander R.P. Harrison , Muhammad Irfan , Xi Lin , Boyang Mao , Binjian Nie , Zhigang Hu , Jianxin Zou

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Abstract

Ammonia (NH₃) is a promising energy carrier to store and transport renewable energy due to its high energy density (18.6 MJ kg^-1, containing 17.6 wt% H₂) and mature storage and transportation. Ammonia-fuelled solid oxide fuel cells (NH₃-SOFC) show multiple clean energy applications due to their high efficiency, near-zero CO₂ emissions, and flexible integration. This work delineates the current status and prospects of integrated NH₃-SOFC technology towards a green ammonia economy by investigating its operating principle, system integration, and cost-competitiveness. Technoeconomic analysis results suggest that the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for NH₃-SOFC is approximately 0.24 $ kWh^-1. In addition, ammonia has demonstrated a high potential as a green shipping fuel because of its carbon-free and low flammability characteristics, while necessitating industry standards and large-scale application scenarios. It has also been indentified that the large-scale application of NH₃-SOFC largely depends on the reduction in capital cost, electrode materials improvement and volumetric power density increase.

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绿色氨利用途径：用于高效发电的集成氨固体氧化物燃料电池系统

氨（NH3）能量密度高（18.6 MJ kg-1，含H2 17.6 wt%），储运成熟，是一种很有希望储存和运输可再生能源的能量载体。氨燃料固体氧化物燃料电池（NH3-SOFC）由于其高效率、接近零的二氧化碳排放和灵活的集成，显示出多种清洁能源应用。本文通过对NH3-SOFC技术的工作原理、系统集成和成本竞争力的研究，阐述了NH3-SOFC技术走向绿色氨经济的现状和前景。技术经济分析结果表明，NH3-SOFC的平准化电力成本（LCOE）约为0.24美元千瓦时-1。此外，由于氨具有无碳和低可燃性的特点，它作为绿色航运燃料的潜力很大，同时需要行业标准和大规模应用场景。研究还发现，NH3-SOFC的大规模应用很大程度上取决于资本成本的降低、电极材料的改进和体积功率密度的提高。

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来源期刊

EnergyChem Multiple-

CiteScore

40.80

自引率

2.80%

发文量

审稿时长

40 days

期刊介绍： EnergyChem, a reputable journal, focuses on publishing high-quality research and review articles within the realm of chemistry, chemical engineering, and materials science with a specific emphasis on energy applications. The priority areas covered by the journal include:Solar energy,Energy harvesting devices,Fuel cells,Hydrogen energy,Bioenergy and biofuels,Batteries,Supercapacitors,Electrocatalysis and photocatalysis,Energy storage and energy conversion,Carbon capture and storage