Immunity meets inhibition: Immunomodulation of cortical inhibitory synaptic networks

IF 5.2 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2025.103090

Carolina Piletti Chatain , Zachary H. Gursky , Daniel F. Camacho , Emilia Favuzzi

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Abstract

Interactions between the nervous and immune systems are increasingly recognized as pivotal in normal physiology, brain function, and behavior. This review explores an emerging frontier in neurobiology focusing on the regulation of cortical inhibitory synapses and circuits by immune mediators and effectors, with a particular emphasis on microglia and meningeal immune cells. Microglia, the primary immune cells in the brain parenchyma, regulate inhibitory synapse development and function. Recent evidence revealed the crucial role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling in mobilizing microglia and modulating their interactions with inhibitory neurons. These include physical shielding, remodeling or stripping of inhibitory synapses, and releasing soluble factors. Meningeal immune cells, comprising innate and adaptive populations, also influence cortical inhibition under physiological conditions via secretion of cytokines such as interferon-gamma and interleukins. This review highlights the mechanisms through which immune cells modulate cortical inhibition, and more broadly, the role of neuroimmune interactions in normal brain development and function.

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免疫与抑制：皮层抑制性突触网络的免疫调节

神经系统和免疫系统之间的相互作用越来越被认为是正常生理、脑功能和行为的关键。这篇综述探讨了神经生物学的一个新兴前沿，重点关注免疫介质和效应器对皮质抑制性突触和回路的调节，特别强调了小胶质细胞和脑膜免疫细胞。小胶质细胞是脑实质中的初级免疫细胞，调节抑制性突触的发育和功能。最近的证据揭示了γ -氨基丁酸（GABA）信号在动员小胶质细胞和调节它们与抑制性神经元的相互作用中的关键作用。这些包括物理屏蔽，重塑或剥离抑制性突触，以及释放可溶性因子。脑膜免疫细胞，包括先天和适应性群体，也通过分泌干扰素和白介素等细胞因子在生理条件下影响皮质抑制。这篇综述强调了免疫细胞调节皮层抑制的机制，以及更广泛地说，神经免疫相互作用在正常大脑发育和功能中的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Neurobiology 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

11.10

自引率

1.80%

发文量

130

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Neurobiology publishes short annotated reviews by leading experts on recent developments in the field of neurobiology. These experts write short reviews describing recent discoveries in this field (in the past 2-5 years), as well as highlighting select individual papers of particular significance. The journal is thus an important resource allowing researchers and educators to quickly gain an overview and rich understanding of complex and current issues in the field of Neurobiology. The journal takes a unique and valuable approach in focusing each special issue around a topic of scientific and/or societal interest, and then bringing together leading international experts studying that topic, embracing diverse methodologies and perspectives. Journal Content: The journal consists of 6 issues per year, covering 8 recurring topics every other year in the following categories: -Neurobiology of Disease- Neurobiology of Behavior- Cellular Neuroscience- Systems Neuroscience- Developmental Neuroscience- Neurobiology of Learning and Plasticity- Molecular Neuroscience- Computational Neuroscience