Cold currents and warm preferences: how temperature shapes the 3D locomotion of Niphargus longicaudatus

IF 2.9 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Mattia Di Cicco , Emma Galmarini , Tiziana Di Lorenzo , Francesco Cerasoli , Diana Maria Paola Galassi
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Abstract

Groundwater ecosystems play a pivotal role in global biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, yet they face increasing pressures from climate change. The amphipod genus Niphargus, a dominant taxon in European groundwater habitats, has shown evidence of broad thermal adaptability that challenges prevailing theories on narrow thermal niches in groundwater species. This study investigated the locomotory behaviour of Niphargus longicaudatus (Costa, 1851), a stygobitic amphipod, under habitat temperature (9 °C) and preferred temperature (15 °C) using 3D tracking techniques. Individuals at 15 °C displayed significantly higher average swimming speed, increased vertical occupancy, and greater trajectory tortuosity compared to those at 9 °C, despite spending a similar amount of time in movement. These behavioural shifts suggest metabolic adjustments enabling enhanced resource exploration at warmer temperatures. The findings are contextualized within the evolutionary history of the amphipod genus Niphargus, shaped by past climatic, geological and hydrological conditions, which may have selected for eurythermal traits in some lineages. These adaptations highlight potential to exploit habitats across a broad temperature range, not necessarily providing an advantage to N.longicaudatus due to the complex effects of climate change on groundwater ecosystems. This work underscores the importance of integrating behavioural, metabolic, and paleoclimatic perspectives in understanding the impacts of climate change on subterranean biodiversity and distribution.
冷流和温暖偏好:温度如何塑造长尾尼法龙的三维运动
地下水生态系统在全球生物多样性和生态系统功能中发挥着关键作用,但也面临着越来越大的气候变化压力。片足类Niphargus属是欧洲地下水生境的优势分类群,它具有广泛的热适应性,这挑战了地下水物种狭窄热生态位的主流理论。本研究利用3D跟踪技术研究了黏虫片足类Niphargus longicaudatus (Costa, 1851)在栖息地温度(9°C)和偏好温度(15°C)下的运动行为。与9°C的个体相比,15°C的个体表现出更高的平均游泳速度、更高的垂直占用率和更大的轨迹弯曲度,尽管它们在运动中花费的时间相似。这些行为转变表明,代谢调整能够在较暖的温度下加强资源勘探。这些发现是在片脚类动物Niphargus的进化史背景下进行的,该物种是由过去的气候、地质和水文条件塑造的,这些条件可能选择了某些谱系的泛热特征。由于气候变化对地下水生态系统的复杂影响,这些适应突出了在广泛温度范围内开发栖息地的潜力,不一定为长尾龙尾龙虎提供优势。这项工作强调了在理解气候变化对地下生物多样性和分布的影响时,整合行为、代谢和古气候观点的重要性。
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来源期刊
Journal of thermal biology
Journal of thermal biology 生物-动物学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.40%
发文量
196
审稿时长
14.5 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Thermal Biology publishes articles that advance our knowledge on the ways and mechanisms through which temperature affects man and animals. This includes studies of their responses to these effects and on the ecological consequences. Directly relevant to this theme are: • The mechanisms of thermal limitation, heat and cold injury, and the resistance of organisms to extremes of temperature • The mechanisms involved in acclimation, acclimatization and evolutionary adaptation to temperature • Mechanisms underlying the patterns of hibernation, torpor, dormancy, aestivation and diapause • Effects of temperature on reproduction and development, growth, ageing and life-span • Studies on modelling heat transfer between organisms and their environment • The contributions of temperature to effects of climate change on animal species and man • Studies of conservation biology and physiology related to temperature • Behavioural and physiological regulation of body temperature including its pathophysiology and fever • Medical applications of hypo- and hyperthermia Article types: • Original articles • Review articles
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