{"title":"Metformin modifed UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> as a super basic nanocatalyst for the four component synthesis of dihydropyridines.","authors":"Leila Ghasempour, Sakineh Asghari","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-11840-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents the synthesis of a novel metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NH-nBut-Met) using PSM (post-synthetic modification) of UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> with metformin. The formation of UiO-66-NH-nBut-Met nanocatalyst was confirmed using analytical techniques, including BET, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM, elemental mapping, and CHN analyses. Subsequently, the catalytic performance of the UiO-66-NH-nBut-Met was explored in the four-component synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines. The obtained results demonstrated remarkable productivity (excellent yields: 91-97%), within short reaction times (< 7 min) in solvent-free conditions. The enhancement of the catalytic activity of UiO-66-NH-nBut-Met compared to UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> can be attributed to metformin (N, N-dimethyl biguanidine) containing polydentate nitrogen donor ligands, as a super-basic agent. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrated remarkable recyclability, maintaining high catalytic activity even after five consecutive runs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297333/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Scientific Reports","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11840-y","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
This study presents the synthesis of a novel metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NH-nBut-Met) using PSM (post-synthetic modification) of UiO-66-NH2 with metformin. The formation of UiO-66-NH-nBut-Met nanocatalyst was confirmed using analytical techniques, including BET, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM, elemental mapping, and CHN analyses. Subsequently, the catalytic performance of the UiO-66-NH-nBut-Met was explored in the four-component synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines. The obtained results demonstrated remarkable productivity (excellent yields: 91-97%), within short reaction times (< 7 min) in solvent-free conditions. The enhancement of the catalytic activity of UiO-66-NH-nBut-Met compared to UiO-66-NH2 can be attributed to metformin (N, N-dimethyl biguanidine) containing polydentate nitrogen donor ligands, as a super-basic agent. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrated remarkable recyclability, maintaining high catalytic activity even after five consecutive runs.
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