Mechanisms of inflammation-driven lung cancer: From external influences to internal regulation

Abstract

Chronic inflammation is a crucial factor in the development and progression of lung cancer. External factors, such as indoor and outdoor air pollution and occupational hazards, along with imbalances in the lung microbiome, create a pro-inflammatory environment conducive to tumorigenesis. This review explores how various mechanisms drive the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune modulators, leading to a tumor-promoting microenvironment. It also examines the roles of key cells in these processes and highlights the importance of epigenetic modifications in inflammation-driven lung cancer. Understanding these interactions provides insights into targeted therapeutic strategies and underscores the significance of addressing inflammation to reduce lung cancer risk.