Occurrence, sources and human health risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in herbal medicinal preparations in Nigeria.

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2025.115659

Chukwujindu M A Iwegbue, Jane Oghenevwogaga, Grace E Obi-Iyeke, Peace Adigwe, Eseoghene R Avbunudiogaba, Alex O Ilenikhena, Grace Obi, Chinedu J Ossai, Eze W Odali, Bice S Martincigh

引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this study, the concentrations of thirty nine (39) polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) congeners were evaluated in orally applied herbal medicinal preparations (HMPs) in Nigeria. The PBDEs were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The Σ39 PBDE concentrations in the HMPs varied from 2.00 to 312 ng g^-1 with a mean concentration of 55.6 ng g^-1. The homologues distribution patterns in the HMPs indicated dominance of low brominated PBDEs such as mono, di, and tri-PBDEs which reflected prevalence of plant metabolized and processing methods mediated debromination products of PBDEs. The results for risk assessment indicated that the use of the HMPs for treating medical conditions does not pose any lifetime carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks.

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尼日利亚草药制剂中多溴联苯醚的出现、来源和人类健康风险评估。

在本研究中，对尼日利亚口服草药制剂（hmp）中39种多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）同系物的浓度进行了评价。采用气相色谱-质谱法对多溴二苯醚进行定量分析。Σ39多溴二苯醚在hmp中的浓度变化范围为2.00 ~ 312 ng g-1，平均浓度为55.6 ng g-1。HMPs的同源物分布模式表明，低溴多溴联苯醚（如单、二和三多溴联苯醚）占主导地位，这反映了植物代谢和加工方法介导的多溴联苯醚脱溴产物的普遍存在。风险评估结果表明，使用hmp治疗疾病不会造成任何终生致癌和非致癌风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Food and Chemical Toxicology 工程技术-毒理学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

4.70%

发文量

651

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： Food and Chemical Toxicology (FCT), an internationally renowned journal, that publishes original research articles and reviews on toxic effects, in animals and humans, of natural or synthetic chemicals occurring in the human environment with particular emphasis on food, drugs, and chemicals, including agricultural and industrial safety, and consumer product safety. Areas such as safety evaluation of novel foods and ingredients, biotechnologically-derived products, and nanomaterials are included in the scope of the journal. FCT also encourages submission of papers on inter-relationships between nutrition and toxicology and on in vitro techniques, particularly those fostering the 3 Rs. The principal aim of the journal is to publish high impact, scholarly work and to serve as a multidisciplinary forum for research in toxicology. Papers submitted will be judged on the basis of scientific originality and contribution to the field, quality and subject matter. Studies should address at least one of the following: -Adverse physiological/biochemical, or pathological changes induced by specific defined substances -New techniques for assessing potential toxicity, including molecular biology -Mechanisms underlying toxic phenomena -Toxicological examinations of specific chemicals or consumer products, both those showing adverse effects and those demonstrating safety, that meet current standards of scientific acceptability. Authors must clearly and briefly identify what novel toxic effect (s) or toxic mechanism (s) of the chemical are being reported and what their significance is in the abstract. Furthermore, sufficient doses should be included in order to provide information on NOAEL/LOAEL values.