Enhancing Light Extraction Efficiency in Micro-LEDs via Metal Photonic Crystals in the Passivation Layer and Air Photonic Crystals on the n-GaN Side

IF 2.4 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI:10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3585633

Zhaoyong Liu;Gaoyu Dai;Kailin Ren;Luqiao Yin;Jianhua Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Photonic crystals (PhCs), as a type of metamaterial, have attracted significant attention due to their ability to control light propagation to enhance the light extraction efficiency (LEE) of Micro-LEDs. However, the current advancements in improving the LEE of Micro-LED with PhCs are far from 100%, and the manufacturing process for the designed optical structures is overly complex. In this work, an optical structure design requiring a simpler manufacturing process, involving metal PhCs in the passivation and air PhCs on the n-GaN side, is proposed and investigated for application in flip-chip Micro-LEDs to enhance LEE. The influence of parameters related to PhCs on LEE is investigated and analyzed using finite difference time domain simulations. Enhanced LEE is observed through the optimization of parameters such as the shape, period, height, and duty cycle of the PhCs. Under the conditions of an Ag reflector with conical Ag PhCs in the passivation layer and air conical photonic crystals on the n-GaN side, a high LEE of 81.5% is achieved, representing a 2.63-fold increase compared to the LEE of flip-chip Micro-LEDs with vertical sidewalls and Al reflector.

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通过钝化层金属光子晶体和氮化镓侧空气光子晶体提高微型led的光提取效率

光子晶体（Photonic crystals, PhCs）作为一种超材料，由于其能够控制光的传播以提高micro - led的光提取效率（LEE）而备受关注。然而，目前在利用PhCs提高Micro-LED的LEE方面的进展还远远没有达到100%，并且所设计的光学结构的制造过程过于复杂。在这项工作中，提出并研究了一种需要更简单制造工艺的光学结构设计，包括钝化侧的金属PhCs和n-GaN侧的空气PhCs，以应用于倒装Micro-LEDs以增强LEE。利用时域有限差分模拟方法，研究和分析了PhCs相关参数对LEE的影响。通过优化PhCs的形状、周期、高度和占空比等参数，可以观察到增强的LEE。在钝化层采用锥形Ag PhCs的Ag反射器和n-GaN侧采用空气锥形光子晶体的Ag反射器的情况下，获得了高达81.5%的高LEE，比具有垂直侧壁和Al反射器的倒装Micro-LEDs的LEE提高了2.63倍。

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来源期刊

IEEE Photonics Journal ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC-OPTICS

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

8.30%

发文量

489

审稿时长

1.4 months

期刊介绍： Breakthroughs in the generation of light and in its control and utilization have given rise to the field of Photonics, a rapidly expanding area of science and technology with major technological and economic impact. Photonics integrates quantum electronics and optics to accelerate progress in the generation of novel photon sources and in their utilization in emerging applications at the micro and nano scales spanning from the far-infrared/THz to the x-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum. IEEE Photonics Journal is an online-only journal dedicated to the rapid disclosure of top-quality peer-reviewed research at the forefront of all areas of photonics. Contributions addressing issues ranging from fundamental understanding to emerging technologies and applications are within the scope of the Journal. The Journal includes topics in: Photon sources from far infrared to X-rays, Photonics materials and engineered photonic structures, Integrated optics and optoelectronic, Ultrafast, attosecond, high field and short wavelength photonics, Biophotonics, including DNA photonics, Nanophotonics, Magnetophotonics, Fundamentals of light propagation and interaction; nonlinear effects, Optical data storage, Fiber optics and optical communications devices, systems, and technologies, Micro Opto Electro Mechanical Systems (MOEMS), Microwave photonics, Optical Sensors.