Impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration.

IF 2.3 2区医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI:10.1097/IAE.0000000000004616

Samantha A McLaughlin, Natalia Davila, Chloe Shields, Niloufar Bineshfar, Touka Banaee, Basil K Williams

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate whether GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) therapy reduces the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using a global health research network matched T2DM patients on GLP-1RA vs non-GLP-1RA therapy. AMD incidence was determined over the first 1 to 10 years of treatment. Patients with baseline early or intermediate nonexudative AMD were also matched and assessed for progression to advanced AMD. Measures of Association Analysis was used to calculate risk, risk difference, and risk ratio.

Results: Among 600,816 matched patients without history of AMD, GLP-1RA users had a 15% relative risk reduction in incidence of nonexudative AMD (RR, 0.851; 95% CI, 0.801-0.905; p<0.0001) vs those who received alternative therapy. These patients also had a 20% relative risk reduction in incidence of exudative AMD (RR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.808-0.989; p<0.0001). To assess progression, 4,450 patients with early or intermediate AMD were matched between the cohorts. GLP-1RA use was associated with 29% relative risk reduction in progression to advanced nonexudative AMD (RR, 0.715; 95% CI, 0.529-0.967; p=0.028) and a 27% relative risk reduction in progression to exudative AMD (RR, 0.729; 95% CI, 0.601-0.883; p=0.001).

Conclusion: GLP-1RA use may reduce the both the risk and progression of AMD and progression of early and intermediate AMD to advanced AMD in adults with T2DM. GLP-1RAs have been shown to promote neuronal survival and reduce inflammation, which may provide a pathophysiological explanation of the potential beneficial role of GLP-1RAs.

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2型糖尿病GLP-1受体激动剂对年龄相关性黄斑变性发生发展的影响

目的：评估GLP-1受体激动剂（GLP-1RA）治疗是否能降低2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者发生年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的风险。方法：使用全球健康研究网络进行回顾性队列研究，匹配GLP-1RA与非GLP-1RA治疗的2型糖尿病患者。AMD的发病率是在治疗的前1到10年确定的。基线早期或中期非渗出性AMD患者也被匹配并评估进展为晚期AMD。采用关联分析法计算风险、风险差和风险比。结果：在600,816名无AMD病史的匹配患者中，GLP-1RA使用者非渗出性AMD发病率的相对风险降低了15% (RR, 0.851；95% ci, 0.801-0.905；结论：GLP-1RA可降低成人T2DM患者AMD的风险和进展，以及早期和中期AMD向晚期AMD的进展。GLP-1RAs已被证明可促进神经元存活和减少炎症，这可能为GLP-1RAs潜在的有益作用提供病理生理学解释。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

9.10%

发文量

554

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： RETINA® focuses exclusively on the growing specialty of vitreoretinal disorders. The Journal provides current information on diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. Its highly specialized and informative, peer-reviewed articles are easily applicable to clinical practice. In addition to regular reports from clinical and basic science investigators, RETINA® publishes special features including periodic review articles on pertinent topics, special articles dealing with surgical and other therapeutic techniques, and abstract cards. Issues are abundantly illustrated in vivid full color. Published 12 times per year, RETINA® is truly a “must have” publication for anyone connected to this field.