The association between blood trihalomethane concentrations and high risk for prostate cancer: A nationally representative cross-sectional study

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180140

Shuai Zhang , Hanhan Tang , Minglian Zhou

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Abstract

Trihalomethanes (THMs), a class of disinfection byproducts, have been implicated in various health risks. However, their association with prostate cancer (PCa) has not been systematically evaluated in biomarker-based studies. This cross-sectional study investigated associations between blood THMs exposure and both total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) levels and high risk for PCa status using data from 2319 male participants (≥40 years) in the 2003–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles. Blood concentrations of bromoform (TBM), chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), and dibromochloromethane (DBCM) were measured, and composite indicators for chlorinated (Cl-THMs), brominated (Br-THMs), and total THMs (TTHMs) were calculated. Multivariable regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) models revealed that exposure to TCM, Cl-THMs, and TTHMs was significantly positively associated with tPSA levels. Additionally, TCM, BDCM, Cl-THMs, and TTHMs were also observed to be closely associated with high risk for PCa. Restricted cubic spline analysis suggested a linear exposure-response trend. WQS results highlighted TCM and BDCM as major contributors to prostate-related risks. Subgroup analyses indicated that age, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities may modify these associations. These findings suggest that THMs exposure may be associated with an elevated risk of PCa, warranting further investigation.

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血液三卤甲烷浓度与前列腺癌高风险之间的关系：一项具有全国代表性的横断面研究

三卤甲烷（THMs）是一类消毒副产物，与各种健康风险有关。然而，它们与前列腺癌（PCa）的关系尚未在基于生物标志物的研究中得到系统评估。本横断面研究利用2003-2010年全国健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）周期中2319名男性参与者（≥40岁）的数据，调查了血液THMs暴露与前列腺总特异性抗原（tPSA）水平和PCa状态高风险之间的关系。测定血中溴仿（TBM）、氯仿（TCM）、溴二氯甲烷（BDCM）、二溴氯甲烷（DBCM）浓度，计算氯化THMs （Cl-THMs）、溴化THMs （Br-THMs）、总THMs （TTHMs）的综合指标。多变量回归和加权分位数和（WQS）模型显示，暴露于中药、Cl-THMs和TTHMs与tPSA水平显著正相关。此外，中药、BDCM、Cl-THMs和TTHMs也与PCa的高风险密切相关。限制三次样条分析显示出线性的暴露-响应趋势。WQS结果强调中医和BDCM是前列腺相关风险的主要因素。亚组分析表明，年龄、社会经济地位和合并症可能改变这些关联。这些发现表明THMs暴露可能与PCa风险升高有关，值得进一步研究。

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来源期刊

Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

17.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

8726

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.