Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in humans and dogs from Fujian Province, Southeast China

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI:10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00278

Si-Ang Li , Yu-Ling Lin , Yun-Peng Bai , Fuli Wen , Li-Yuan Huang , Wen-Yuan Miao , Dong-Hui Zhou

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Abstract

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are two well-known protist pathogens which can result in diarrhea in humans and animals. The two parasites have been detected in humans and dogs worldwide with diverse species and genotypes of various levels and zoonotic potential and public health concern. This investigation aimed to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis in humans and dogs in Fujian province, China. A total of 1149 fecal samples (643 from humans and 506 from dogs) were collected from nine districts in Fujian Province. Detection of Cryptosporidium was performed using nested PCR targeting the SSU rRNA gene, while G. duodenalis was detected by amplification three genes including the beta-giardin, glutamate dehydrogenase, and triosephosphate isomerase. No Cryptosporidium or G. duodenalis were detected in any of the human samples tested. In contrast, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in dog samples was found to be 1.2 % (6/506), while the infection rate of G. duodenalis was detected in 0.4 % (2/506) of the dog samples. According to the age analysis, all samples infected with Cryptosporidium 2.2 % (6/268) and G. duodenalis 0.8 % (2/268) were from dogs ≤1 year. Sex-based analysis indicated that the infection rate of Cryptosporidium was slightly higher in male dogs (1.2 %, 3/248) compared to female dogs (1.2 %, 3/258). Additionally, G. duodenalis was detected in 0.8 % (2/248) of male dogs, while no positive samples were observed in female dogs. Phylogenetic analyses further identified C. canis, a zoonotic species of Cryptosporidium, as well as two zoonotic assemblages (C and D) of G. duodenalis. These results provide preliminary reference data for monitoring Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis infections in both humans and dogs, and also offer essential support for future prospective studies.

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福建省人犬隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫的流行及分子特征分析

隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫是两种众所周知的可导致人类和动物腹泻的原生病原体。这两种寄生虫已在世界各地的人类和狗身上发现，具有不同种类和不同水平的基因型，具有人畜共患的可能性和公共卫生问题。本调查旨在了解福建省人犬隐孢子虫和十二指肠隐孢子虫的流行情况及分子特征。在福建省9个区共收集了1149份粪便样本（人粪643份，犬粪506份）。隐孢子虫采用巢式PCR检测SSU rRNA基因，十二指肠棘球蚴采用β -贾第丁、谷氨酸脱氢酶、三磷酸异构酶3个基因扩增检测。所有人标本均未检出隐孢子虫或十二指肠棘球蚴。犬标本隐孢子虫检出率为1.2%(6/506)，十二指肠棘球绦虫检出率为0.4%（2/506）。年龄分析显示，感染隐孢子虫2.2%（6/268）和十二指肠棘球绦虫0.8%（2/268）的样本均来自≤1岁的犬只。男犬隐孢子虫感染率（1.2%,3/248）略高于女犬（1.2%,3/258）。公犬检出率为0.8%(2/248)，母犬无阳性。系统发育分析进一步鉴定了隐孢子虫的人畜共患种犬隐孢子虫和十二指肠隐孢子虫的两个人畜共患组合（C和D）。这些结果为人类和狗的隐孢子虫和十二指肠十二指肠绦虫感染监测提供了初步的参考数据，也为未来的前瞻性研究提供了重要的支持。

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来源期刊

Food and Waterborne Parasitology Immunology and Microbiology-Parasitology

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： Food and Waterborne Parasitology publishes high quality papers containing original research findings, investigative reports, and scientific proceedings on parasites which are transmitted to humans via the consumption of food or water. The relevant parasites include protozoa, nematodes, cestodes and trematodes which are transmitted by food or water and capable of infecting humans. Pertinent food includes products of animal or plant origin which are domestic or wild, and consumed by humans. Animals and plants from both terrestrial and aquatic sources are included, as well as studies related to potable and other types of water which serve to harbor, perpetuate or disseminate food and waterborne parasites. Studies dealing with prevalence, transmission, epidemiology, risk assessment and mitigation, including control measures and test methodologies for parasites in food and water are of particular interest. Evidence of the emergence of such parasites and interactions among domestic animals, wildlife and humans are of interest. The impact of parasites on the health and welfare of humans is viewed as very important and within scope of the journal. Manuscripts with scientifically generated information on associations between food and waterborne parasitic diseases and lifestyle, culture and economies are also welcome. Studies involving animal experiments must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences.