{"title":"SPB-201 Alleviates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Damage in Rats through Its Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Pro-angiogenic Properties.","authors":"Seonghyun Ho, Seon Hee Kim, Su-Jin Park","doi":"10.4166/kjg.2025.035","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>The inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis by indomethacin causes gastric ulceration by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated the protective effects of an Artemisia annua extract powder (SPB-201) on gastric damage and its underlying mechanisms by analyzing various molecular biological markers in indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration rats and AGS human gastric cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The oral administration of SPB-201 augmented the gastroprotective PGE<sub>2</sub> and NO contents by increasing COX-1, COX-2, and eNOS expression, resulting in the improvement of gastric damage and ulcerative hyperemia in rats. In addition, elevated levels of mucin and pro-angiogenic factors, including EGF, bFGF, VEGF, and TGF-β1, were observed in the gastric tissue of rats treated with SPB-201. Furthermore, SPB-201 induced the SOD and CAT activities in rats but reduced the protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. In addition, the SPB-201 treatment showed a dose-dependent and statistically significant increase in COX-1, COX-2, and PGE<sub>2</sub> production in AGS cells exposed to indomethacin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SPB-201 might be an excellent candidate for developing anti-ulcer agents that prevent or treat gastric injury caused by NSAIDs, through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94245,"journal":{"name":"The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi","volume":"85 3","pages":"366-381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4166/kjg.2025.035","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background/aims: The inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis by indomethacin causes gastric ulceration by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Methods: This study investigated the protective effects of an Artemisia annua extract powder (SPB-201) on gastric damage and its underlying mechanisms by analyzing various molecular biological markers in indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration rats and AGS human gastric cancer cells.
Results: The oral administration of SPB-201 augmented the gastroprotective PGE2 and NO contents by increasing COX-1, COX-2, and eNOS expression, resulting in the improvement of gastric damage and ulcerative hyperemia in rats. In addition, elevated levels of mucin and pro-angiogenic factors, including EGF, bFGF, VEGF, and TGF-β1, were observed in the gastric tissue of rats treated with SPB-201. Furthermore, SPB-201 induced the SOD and CAT activities in rats but reduced the protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. In addition, the SPB-201 treatment showed a dose-dependent and statistically significant increase in COX-1, COX-2, and PGE2 production in AGS cells exposed to indomethacin.
Conclusions: SPB-201 might be an excellent candidate for developing anti-ulcer agents that prevent or treat gastric injury caused by NSAIDs, through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic mechanisms.
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