Consanguinity among individuals with diabetes in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study.

IF 2.5
PLOS global public health Pub Date : 2025-07-24 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1371/journal.pgph.0004964
Anaya Abdul Samad, Safwat Irshad Qureshi, Ayesha Mukhtar Rathore, Azhan Ahmed, Warda Rasool, Samim Noori, Sardar Noman Qayyum, Muhammad Talha Kakar
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Abstract

To determine the frequency of consanguinity among individuals with diabetes in Pakistan and to investigate the effect of consanguinity on the occurrence of diabetes at different familial levels, we also aimed to report public perceptions on the matter. This cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2023 and January 2024, targeting individuals with diabetes across Pakistan. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, which included questions on participants' demographics, family history, diabetes diagnosis, and awareness levels. Participants were classified based on their diabetes type. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics were used to determine frequencies, and chi-square tests were applied to assess associations. Of the 404 participants, 52% reported having consanguineous parents, with 22.3% being first cousins. Type 2 diabetes was the most prevalent (70.5%), followed by Type 1 (26.5%) and gestational diabetes (3%). A strong family history of diabetes was reported by 80.4% of participants, with 41.1% having diabetic siblings. Around 64.8% demonstrated general knowledge about diabetes, and 63.1% agreed that consanguinity increases the risk of diabetes. The study reveals a high frequency of consanguineous parental relationships among individuals with diabetes in Pakistan. Public health interventions, including genetic counseling and awareness campaigns, are essential to address the risks associated with consanguineous marriages and reduce the diabetes burden in Pakistan.

巴基斯坦糖尿病患者的亲属关系:一项横断面研究。
为了确定巴基斯坦糖尿病患者的亲属关系频率,并调查不同家族级别的亲属关系对糖尿病发生的影响,我们还旨在报告公众对这一问题的看法。这项横断面研究于2023年8月至2024年1月期间进行,目标是巴基斯坦各地的糖尿病患者。数据通过在线问卷收集,其中包括参与者的人口统计、家族史、糖尿病诊断和意识水平等问题。参与者根据他们的糖尿病类型进行分类。数据采用SPSS进行分析。描述性统计用于确定频率,卡方检验用于评估相关性。在404名参与者中,52%的人有近亲父母,22.3%的人是表亲。2型糖尿病最常见(70.5%),其次是1型(26.5%)和妊娠糖尿病(3%)。80.4%的参与者报告有强烈的糖尿病家族史,41.1%的参与者有糖尿病的兄弟姐妹。约64.8%的人对糖尿病有一定的了解,63.1%的人认为近亲会增加患糖尿病的风险。该研究揭示了巴基斯坦糖尿病患者中近亲父母关系的高频率。公共卫生干预措施,包括遗传咨询和提高认识运动,对于解决与近亲婚姻有关的风险和减少巴基斯坦的糖尿病负担至关重要。
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