Chemical Injuries Classification and Management - Current Perspectives.

Abstract

Background: Chemical injuries to the eye are a significant cause of vision impairment worldwide. These injuries demand immediate and appropriate intervention due to their potential for causing visual morbidity and long-term sequelae. The severity and managmenet is influenced by factors such as the chemical type, concentration, duration of exposure, and the extent of ocular surface involvement. Chemical injuries to the eye are a significant cause of vision impairment worldwide. These injuries demand immediate and appropriate intervention due to their potential for causing visual morbidity and long-term sequelae. The severity and managmenet is influenced by factors such as the chemical type, concentration, duration of exposure, and the extent of ocular surface involvement.

Purpose: To provide a comprehensive overview of current perspectives in the classification and management of ocular chemical injuries, with emphasis on recent advances in treatment protocols during both the acute and chronic phases.

Methods: After thorough literature search in PubMed and MEDLINE 72 studies with maximum relevance that were published as systematic reviews, as well as randomized and non-randomized comparative studies (cohort or case series) on the topic of chemical injuries classification and management were finally selected for this article.

Results: Early management is centered on immediate irrigation, neutralization of the chemical agent, and prevention of further tissue damage through clinical assessment and medical therapy. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to restore ocular integrity. In the chronic phase, once the ocular surface is stabilized, visual rehabilitation becomes the focus, involving a multifactorial decision-making approach tailored to individual patient needs.

Conclusion: Effective management of ocular chemical injuries requires a dynamic, phased approach, integrating timely acute intervention with personalized long-term rehabilitation strategies. Recent advancements in therapeutic techniques have improved outcomes, but ongoing research and clinical vigilance remain essential for optimizing care.