{"title":"Cognitive function and speech outcomes after cochlear implantation in older adults.","authors":"Tadao Yoshida, Masumi Kobayashi, Daisuke Hara, Rikako Taniguchi, Yukari Fukunaga, Michihiko Sone","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1630946","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of cochlear implantation on cognitive function in older adults and the relationship between preoperative cognitive ability and postoperative speech perception remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of cochlear implant use on cognitive function in older adults and to explore the association between preoperative cognitive ability and postoperative speech discrimination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a university hospital between June 2017 and March 2025. Thirty cochlear implant recipients aged ≥61 years were included, with 21 receiving unilateral implants and nine receiving bilateral implants. All participants underwent cognitive assessments both preoperatively and postoperatively. We analyzed the cognitive function test results before and after cochlear implantation. The primary outcomes measured were: (1) the correlation between preoperative cognitive test scores and postoperative speech discrimination scores; and (2) longitudinal changes in postoperative cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant positive correlation was observed between preoperative Kohs Block Design Test scores and postoperative speech discrimination scores (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Preoperative Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices scores also correlated positively with postoperative speech discrimination scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Postoperatively, Kohs scores demonstrated significant positive correlations with both the Mini-Mental State Examination (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and Reading Cognitive Test Kyoto test (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) scores. Following a 3.7-year mean follow-up, Kohs scores remained stable, with some patients showing improvements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cognitive assessments performed during the preoperative CI evaluation may yield valuable insights into postoperative outcomes in older adults. Additionally, long-term postoperative cognitive function is generally preserved, with the potential for improvement following cochlear implantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1630946"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286825/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Neurology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1630946","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: The impact of cochlear implantation on cognitive function in older adults and the relationship between preoperative cognitive ability and postoperative speech perception remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of cochlear implant use on cognitive function in older adults and to explore the association between preoperative cognitive ability and postoperative speech discrimination.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a university hospital between June 2017 and March 2025. Thirty cochlear implant recipients aged ≥61 years were included, with 21 receiving unilateral implants and nine receiving bilateral implants. All participants underwent cognitive assessments both preoperatively and postoperatively. We analyzed the cognitive function test results before and after cochlear implantation. The primary outcomes measured were: (1) the correlation between preoperative cognitive test scores and postoperative speech discrimination scores; and (2) longitudinal changes in postoperative cognitive function.
Results: A significant positive correlation was observed between preoperative Kohs Block Design Test scores and postoperative speech discrimination scores (p < 0.01). Preoperative Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices scores also correlated positively with postoperative speech discrimination scores (p < 0.05). Postoperatively, Kohs scores demonstrated significant positive correlations with both the Mini-Mental State Examination (p < 0.01) and Reading Cognitive Test Kyoto test (p < 0.0001) scores. Following a 3.7-year mean follow-up, Kohs scores remained stable, with some patients showing improvements.
Conclusion: Cognitive assessments performed during the preoperative CI evaluation may yield valuable insights into postoperative outcomes in older adults. Additionally, long-term postoperative cognitive function is generally preserved, with the potential for improvement following cochlear implantation.
背景：人工耳蜗植入对老年人认知功能的影响以及术前认知能力与术后言语感知的关系尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们旨在评估人工耳蜗使用对老年人认知功能的影响，并探讨术前认知能力与术后言语辨别之间的关系。方法：我们于2017年6月至2025年3月在某大学医院进行了回顾性队列研究。纳入30例年龄≥61 岁的人工耳蜗受者，其中单侧人工耳蜗21例，双侧人工耳蜗9例。所有参与者术前和术后均接受认知评估。对人工耳蜗植入前后的认知功能测试结果进行分析。主要测量结果为：(1)术前认知测试得分与术后言语辨别得分的相关性；(2)术后认知功能的纵向变化。结果：术前Kohs Block Design Test得分与术后言语辨别得分之间存在显著的正相关（p p p p ）。结论：术前CI评估期间进行的认知评估可能对老年人术后预后产生有价值的见解。此外，长期的术后认知功能通常是保留的，在人工耳蜗植入后有改善的潜力。
期刊介绍：
The section Stroke aims to quickly and accurately publish important experimental, translational and clinical studies, and reviews that contribute to the knowledge of stroke, its causes, manifestations, diagnosis, and management.
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