Modeling immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis in Caenorhabditis elegans.

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY
Disease Models & Mechanisms Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-25 DOI:10.1242/dmm.052230
Margherita Romeo, Maria Monica Barzago, Alessandro Corbelli, Silvia Maglioni, Natascia Ventura, Carmina Natale, Andrea Conz, Mario Salmona, Giovanni Palladini, Mario Nuvolone, Fabio Fiordaliso, Giampaolo Merlini, Luisa Diomede
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Abstract

Cardiomyopathy determines the prognosis of patients with immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis, a rare systemic disease caused by the misfolding and deposition of monoclonal light chains (LCs). The reasons underlying their cardiac tropism remain unknown, and an animal model recapitulating the main pathological features of AL amyloidosis is needed. Taking advantage of the similarities between the vertebrate cardiac muscle and Caenorhabditis elegans pharynx, we developed a new transgenic nematode expressing a human amyloidogenic λ LC, the sequence of which was deduced from a patient with AL amyloidosis with cardiac involvement (MNH). Strains expressing a non-amyloidogenic LC (MNM) or the empty vector only (MNV) were generated as controls. At variance with controls, LCs expressed in the body-wall muscle of MNH worms formed soluble dimeric assemblies, which could be secreted and reach different organs. Notably, MNH worms exerted a pharyngeal impairment resembling cardiac functional dysfunction in patients with AL amyloidosis, accompanied by increased radical oxygen species production and tissue ultrastructural damage. This new animal model could help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the cardiac-specific toxicity occurring in AL amyloidosis, providing innovative insights into the pathophysiology.

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秀丽隐杆线虫免疫球蛋白轻链淀粉样变模型。
免疫球蛋白轻链(AL)淀粉样变性是一种罕见的由单克隆轻链(lc)错误折叠和沉积引起的全身性疾病,心肌病决定了患者的预后。其心脏倾向的原因尚不清楚,需要一种能概括AL淀粉样变性主要病理特征的动物模型。利用脊椎动物心肌与秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans咽部)之间的相似性,我们开发了一种新的转基因线虫,表达人类淀粉样变性λ LC,该序列是从AL淀粉样变性伴心脏累及(MNH)患者中推断出来的。产生表达非淀粉样蛋白LC (MNM)或空载体(MNV)的菌株作为对照。与对照不同的是,在MNH虫体壁肌肉中表达的LCs形成可溶性二聚体,可分泌并到达不同的器官。值得注意的是,在AL淀粉样变性患者中,MNH蠕虫造成了类似心功能障碍的咽部损伤,并伴有自由基生成增加和组织超微结构损伤。这种新的动物模型可以帮助阐明AL淀粉样变中发生的心脏特异性毒性的机制,为病理生理学提供创新的见解。
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来源期刊
Disease Models & Mechanisms
Disease Models & Mechanisms 医学-病理学
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
7.00%
发文量
203
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Disease Models & Mechanisms (DMM) is an online Open Access journal focusing on the use of model systems to better understand, diagnose and treat human disease.
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