Underwater Drag Reduction Applications and Fabrication of Bio-Inspired Surfaces: A Review.

IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Zaixiang Zheng, Xin Gu, Shengnan Yang, Yue Wang, Ying Zhang, Qingzhen Han, Pan Cao
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Abstract

As an emerging energy-saving approach, bio-inspired drag reduction technology has become a key research direction for reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This study introduces the latest research progress on bio-inspired microstructured surfaces in the field of underwater drag reduction, focusing on analyzing the drag reduction mechanism, preparation process, and application effect of the three major technological paths; namely, bio-inspired non-smooth surfaces, bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces, and bio-inspired modified coatings. Bio-inspired non-smooth surfaces can significantly reduce the wall shear stress by regulating the flow characteristics of the turbulent boundary layer through microstructure design. Bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces form stable gas-liquid interfaces through the construction of micro-nanostructures and reduce frictional resistance by utilizing the slip boundary effect. Bio-inspired modified coatings, on the other hand, realize the synergistic function of drag reduction and antifouling through targeted chemical modification of materials and design of micro-nanostructures. Although these technologies have made significant progress in drag reduction performance, their engineering applications still face bottlenecks such as manufacturing process complexity, gas layer stability, and durability. Future research should focus on the analysis of drag reduction mechanisms and optimization of material properties under multi-physical field coupling conditions, the development of efficient and low-cost manufacturing processes, and the enhancement of surface stability and adaptability through dynamic self-healing coatings and smart response materials. It is hoped that the latest research status of bio-inspired drag reduction technology reviewed in this study provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for the sustainable development and energy-saving design of ships and underwater vehicles.

水下减阻应用和仿生表面的制造:综述。
生物动力减阻技术作为一种新兴的节能途径,已成为降低能源消耗和温室气体排放的重要研究方向。介绍了仿生微结构表面在水下减阻领域的最新研究进展,重点分析了三种主要技术路径的减阻机理、制备工艺和应用效果;即,仿生非光滑表面,仿生超疏水表面,仿生改性涂层。仿生非光滑表面可以通过微结构设计调节湍流边界层的流动特性,从而显著降低壁面剪切应力。仿生超疏水表面通过微纳米结构的构建形成稳定的气液界面,并利用滑移边界效应降低摩擦阻力。另一方面,仿生改性涂料通过对材料进行针对性的化学改性和微纳米结构设计,实现减阻防污的协同功能。尽管这些技术在减阻性能方面取得了重大进展,但它们的工程应用仍然面临制造工艺复杂性、气层稳定性和耐用性等瓶颈。未来的研究应侧重于多物理场耦合条件下的减阻机理分析和材料性能优化,开发高效低成本的制造工艺,以及通过动态自愈涂层和智能响应材料增强表面稳定性和适应性。希望本文对仿生减阻技术的最新研究现状进行综述,为船舶和水下航行器的可持续发展和节能设计提供理论依据和技术参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biomimetics
Biomimetics Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
11.10%
发文量
189
审稿时长
11 weeks
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