Interplay of Genotypic and Thermal Effects on Sex Determination Shapes Climatic Distribution in Herpetofauna

IF 6 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI:10.1111/geb.70096

Edina Nemesházi, Veronika Bókony

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Sex is a fundamental trait of many organisms, and sex-determination systems are diverse across the tree of life. Environmental temperature can influence sexual development not only in temperature-dependent sex-determination systems, but also in species with genotypic sex determination (GSD). Temperature-induced sex reversal, resulting from combined effects of GSD and environmental temperatures, may greatly affect population dynamics and extinction risk. However, the scarcity of research on sex reversal has constrained the assessment of its evolutionary-ecological significance. We assessed if climatic distribution differs between female-heterogametic (ZW/ZZ) and male-heterogametic (XX/XY) species in herpetofauna when taking into account thermal reaction norms (TRN; i.e., how temperature affects progeny sex ratio), as suggested by the ‘asymmetrical sex reversal’ theory.

Location

Global.

Time Period

1970–2000.

Major Taxa Studied

Amphibia, Reptilia.

Methods

For all extant species where information was available, we collected data on their types of heterogamety and TRN from the HerpSexDet database, and on various aspects of temperature across their native distribution range from the WorldClim database. We used phylogenetic generalised least squares to compare environmental temperatures between XX/XY and ZZ/ZW systems within each type of TRN.

Results

Climatic distribution of extant species is explained by the combination of their sex-chromosome system and the shape of their TRN across amphibians and in infraorder Gekkota among reptiles. In these taxa, directions of the climatic differences conform to the ‘asymmetrical sex reversal’ theory.

Main Conclusions

Our results underscore the importance of temperature-induced sex reversal in phylogeography, evolution, and species conservation under climate change, and highlight the need for more empirical research on sex reversal in nature.

Abstract Image

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基因型和热效应对性别决定的相互作用决定了爬行动物的气候分布

目的性别是许多生物的基本特征，性别决定系统在生命之树上是多种多样的。环境温度不仅影响温度依赖性性别决定系统的性发育，而且影响基因型性别决定（GSD）物种的性发育。温度诱导的性别反转是GSD和环境温度共同作用的结果，对种群动态和灭绝风险有重要影响。然而，性别反转研究的缺乏限制了对其进化生态学意义的评估。当考虑热反应规范（TRN）时，我们评估了雌性异型交配（ZW/ZZ）和雄性异型交配（XX/XY）种在爬行动物中的气候分布是否存在差异；例如，温度如何影响后代的性别比例)，正如“不对称性别逆转”理论所建议的那样。位置全球。时间：1970-2000。两栖类、爬行类的主要分类群。方法从HerpSexDet数据库中收集所有现有物种的异质性类型和TRN数据，并从WorldClim数据库中收集其本地分布范围内的温度各方面数据。我们使用系统发育广义最小二乘法比较了每种类型TRN中XX/XY和ZZ/ZW系统之间的环境温度。结果现存物种的气候分布可以用性染色体系统和TRN形态的组合来解释。在这些分类群中，气候差异的方向符合“不对称性别逆转”理论。本研究结果强调了温度诱导的性别逆转在气候变化下的系统地理学、进化和物种保护中的重要性，并强调了对自然界性别逆转进行更多实证研究的必要性。

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来源期刊

Global Ecology and Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

170

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.