Histomorphometric evaluation of chitosan and concentrated growth factor reinforced bone following cystectomy - A case control study.

Abstract

Background: Odontogenic cysts are common jaw pathologies, causing delayed healing and requiring prosthetic replacement of the lost structures. Despite complete bone regeneration, recovery time is longer. Although numerous studies on managing these lesions using grafts have been found in the literature, ideal materials with potent regenerative properties have been least explored. Chitosan and concentrated growth factors individually have been studied for several years, but for the first time combined use of these grafts was evaluated in this novel study for their bone regenerative properties.

Aim: The study evaluated the ability of chitosan and concentrated growth factors (CGFs) to regenerate bone, grafted into enucleated cystic cavities.

Methodology: The study involved 10 participants, comprising of 3 males and 7 females, with an age range of 18-68 years and a mean of 43 years. Bone regenerative capacity upon implant placement was assessed using radiographic and histomorphometric analyses.

Results: Radiographic and histopathological analyses showed adequate bone filling, bone gain, denser bone, increased trabecular bone area formation, and more compact bone in the test group as compared to control group.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the use of chitosan and CGF in cystic lesions helps in bone regeneration, with Sacco's CGF being a simple and inexpensive method of preparation.

Clinical significance: Chitosan's high osteo-inductivity, osteo-integrability, ease of application, and progressive biodegradability make it a useful material. Combining chitosan and CGF can be considered a better option for large cystic cavities as a bone regenerative material.