Intermittent Fasting for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Risks: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

IF 5.5 3区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI:10.1007/s13668-025-00684-7

Kelemu Tilahun Kibret, Anna Peeters, Teketo Kassaw Tegegne, Yonatan Moges Mesfin, Melanie Nichols

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Context: While several studies have assessed the potential effect of intermittent fasting on reducing cardiovascular risks, the findings are inconclusive.

Objective: To compare the relative effectiveness of intermittent fasting methods in reducing key cardiovascular risks.

Methods: Studies were searched from Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library Central and Global Health to identify studies that enrolled adults (≥ 18 years) to intermittent fasting methods and reported effects on one of the six specified cardiovascular risk factors. We performed a random-effects network meta-analysis using a frequentist framework. Outcomes were reported as mean differences (MD) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: Fifty-six studies were included in the analysis. With high certainty of evidence, modified alternate-day fasting was found to be the most effective intervention compared to a usual diet in reducing body weight (MD= -5.18 kg; 95% CI: -7.04, -3.32), waist circumference (-3.55 cm; -5.66, -1.45), systolic blood pressure (-7.24 mmHg; -11.90, -2.58), diastolic blood pressure (-4.70 mmHg; -8.46, -0.95). With high certainty, time-restricted eating was the most effective intervention compared to usual diet in reducing fat-free mass (-0.82 kg; -1.46, -0.17), waist circumference (-3.00 cm; -4.50, -1.51), diastolic blood pressure (-3.24 mmHg; -4.69, -1.79) and fasting plasma glucose (-3.74 mg/dL; -6.01, -1.46).

Conclusions: Modified alternate-day fasting, and time-restricted eating appear to be promising approaches for reducing most cardiovascular risk factors. These intermittent fasting methods may be considered as potential components of lifestyle interventions aimed at managing cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, further long-term randomised controlled trials comparing intermittent fasting methods are needed to confirm their efficacy and assess their safety over time.

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间歇性禁食预防心血管疾病风险：系统评价和网络荟萃分析

背景：虽然有几项研究评估了间歇性禁食对降低心血管风险的潜在影响，但研究结果尚无定论。目的：比较间歇性禁食方法在降低主要心血管危险方面的相对有效性。方法：从Medline、Embase、Cochrane Library Central和Global Health中检索研究，以确定纳入成人（≥18岁）的间歇性禁食方法，并报告对六种特定心血管危险因素之一的影响的研究。我们使用频率学框架进行了随机效应网络元分析。结果报告为平均差异（MD）及其相应的95%置信区间（CI）。结果：56项研究被纳入分析。有高度确定性的证据表明，与常规饮食相比，改进隔日禁食是降低体重最有效的干预措施(MD= -5.18 kg；95% CI: -7.04, -3.32)，腰围(-3.55 cm；-5.66, -1.45)，收缩压(-7.24 mmHg；-11.90, -2.58)，舒张压(-4.70 mmHg；-8.46, -0.95)。可以肯定的是，与常规饮食相比，限时饮食是最有效的干预措施，可以减少无脂肪质量(-0.82 kg；-1.46, -0.17)，腰围(-3.00 cm；-4.50, -1.51)，舒张压(-3.24 mmHg；-4.69, -1.79)和空腹血糖(-3.74 mg/dL；-6.01, -1.46)。结论：改进隔日禁食和限时饮食似乎是减少大多数心血管危险因素的有希望的方法。这些间歇性禁食方法可能被认为是旨在控制心血管疾病危险因素的生活方式干预的潜在组成部分。然而，需要进一步的长期随机对照试验来比较间歇性禁食方法，以确认其有效性并评估其长期安全性。

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来源期刊

Current Nutrition Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal aims to provide comprehensive review articles that emphasize significant developments in nutrition research emerging in recent publications. By presenting clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to discuss the influence of nutrition on major health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity, as well as the impact of nutrition on genetics, metabolic function, and public health. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 25 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, suggests topics of special importance to their country/region, and ensures that topics and current and include emerging research.