Long term assessment of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and the transition to evaluate additional viral targets

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180096

Ayaaz Amirali , Mark E. Sharkey , Shruti Choudhary , Kristina M. Babler , Cynthia C. Beaver , Pratim Biswas , Kate R. Bowie , Taylor Burke , Benjamin B. Currall , George S. Grills , Hannah G. Healy , Alexander G. Lucaci , Christopher E. Mason , Michaela McGuire , Rosemarie Ramos , Madelena Ruedaflores , Natasha Schaefer Solle , Stephan C. Schürer , Bhavarth S. Shukla , Mario Stevenson , Helena M. Solo-Gabriele

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus dramatically impacted society over five years ago and continues to have an impact today. Since the beginning of the pandemic there have responses and strategies implemented to maintain the public safety of communities affected by SARS-CoV-2. This study is a unique opportunity to analyze nearly four years of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) data, obtained from five different laboratories, combined with four years of human health data from three adjacent regions of a large urban community (Miami-Dade County). The objective of this study was to analyze that data and evaluate longitudinal and geographic trends of SARS-CoV-2 levels in wastewater (WW) during the extensive time frame of this study. Additionally, WBS data were analyzed for multiple targets (influenza A/B, norovirus, RSV, HMPV, PMMoV) other than SARS-CoV-2 to assess the potential for expanding WBS to a wider range of targets. We found that SARS-CoV-2 levels correlated strongest with clinical positivity rates across all three geographic regions (Spearman r = 0.81 for the entire period of record), with the most geographically restricted region showing higher correlations (South, r = 0.86) than the region with populations with higher geographic mobility (North, r = 0.69). Stronger correlations (0.80 < r < 0.97) were observed when correlations were established by variant waves rather than single or multiple year time frames (0.73 < r < 0.88). When analyzing the data for targets beyond SARS-CoV-2, results show promise as two laboratories detected norovirus, influenza A/B, RSV, and HMPV at statistically not different frequencies (Chi-squared≥0.6). Overall, results suggest that the clinical metrics used (e.g., positivity), geography, and the time frames of data analyses influence the ability of WBS to predict disease prevalence in a community. The consistency among the laboratories supports that the measurement of a wider range of viral targets can be disaggregated among different laboratories providing flexibility for building national-level WBS programs.

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废水中SARS-CoV-2的长期评估以及向评估其他病毒靶标的过渡

由SARS-CoV-2病毒引起的COVID-19大流行在五年前对社会造成了巨大影响，并在今天继续产生影响。自大流行开始以来，已经实施了应对措施和战略，以维护受SARS-CoV-2影响的社区的公共安全。这项研究是一个独特的机会，可以分析近四年来从五个不同实验室获得的基于SARS-CoV-2废水的监测（WBS）数据，并结合一个大型城市社区（迈阿密-戴德县）三个相邻区域的四年人类健康数据。本研究的目的是分析这些数据，并评估在本研究的广泛时间框架内废水（WW）中SARS-CoV-2水平的纵向和地理趋势。此外，还分析了SARS-CoV-2以外的多个靶点（甲型/乙型流感、诺如病毒、RSV、HMPV、PMMoV）的WBS数据，以评估将WBS扩展到更广泛靶点的潜力。我们发现，SARS-CoV-2水平与所有三个地理区域的临床阳性率相关性最强（在整个记录期间，Spearman r = 0.81），地理限制最严格的地区（南方，r = 0.86）比人口地理流动性较高的地区（北方，r = 0.69）具有更高的相关性。强相关性(0.80 <；r & lt;0.97)，当通过不同的波浪而不是单年或多年时间框架建立相关性时观察到(0.73 <；r & lt;0.88)。当分析SARS-CoV-2以外靶点的数据时，结果显示出希望，因为两个实验室检测到诺如病毒、流感A/B、RSV和HMPV的频率在统计学上没有差异（卡方≥0.6）。总体而言，结果表明所使用的临床指标（例如，阳性）、地理位置和数据分析的时间框架影响WBS预测社区疾病流行的能力。实验室之间的一致性支持对更广泛的病毒靶标进行测量，可以在不同的实验室之间进行分类，为建立国家级WBS计划提供灵活性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

17.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

8726

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.