Dietary probiotic prototypes and their effects on growth performance, immune function, and gut microbiota of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI:10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105808

Sahar Mahmoodian , Amir Meimandipour , Monireh Faeed , Mehdi Shamsara , Javad Daghigh roohi , Seyed Safa-Ali Fatemi , Mohades Ghasemi , Mahsa Chaharmahali

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study focused on developing novel probiotic formulations for rainbow trout aquaculture by testing two formulations containing bacterial strains isolated from the gut of rainbow trout. The effects on growth, immune response, liver enzyme activity, immunity-related gene expression, and gut microbiota composition were evaluated. A completely randomized design was used, involving 450 rainbow trout distributed into 70-l fiberglass tanks with six dietary treatments and three replicates per treatment (total of 18 tanks). Treatments A and B contained three strains of Pediococcus sp. P15, Lactococcus lactis ml3, and Weissella cibaria ml6 administered at two dosages (300 and 500 mg/kg). Treatments C and D included five strains of Pediococcus sp. P15, Lactococcus lactis ml3, Weissella cibaria ml6, Enterococcus faecium E10, and Lactobacillus curvatus 13 A also at 300 and 500 mg/kg. Treatment E was a commercial probiotic at 300 mg/kg, and treatment F served as the control without probiotics. Fish treated with A, B, and E showed significantly higher final weights than the control, with A and B groups exhibiting the lowest feed conversion ratios. Groups A and D had significantly increased immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) expression decreased in group A, while interleukin 6 (IL6) and immunoglobulin T (IgT) expressions increased by 4.4 and 4.22-fold, respectively. Treatment A also resulted in higher counts of lactic acid bacteria in the gut. Overall, treatment A demonstrated the greatest potential to improve growth, immunity, and gut microbiota, making it a promising probiotic candidate for rainbow trout farming.

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饲料益生菌原型及其对虹鳟生长性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响

本研究通过对两种含有从虹鳟鱼肠道分离的菌株的配方进行试验，重点开发用于虹鳟鱼养殖的新型益生菌配方。评估其对生长、免疫应答、肝酶活性、免疫相关基因表达和肠道菌群组成的影响。试验采用完全随机设计，将450只虹鳟鱼随机分配到70 l玻璃纤维池中，每组设6个饲粮处理，每个处理3个重复（共18个池）。处理A和处理B分别以300和500 mg/kg两种剂量给药，分别含有3株Pediococcus sp. P15、Lactococcus lacto3和Weissella cibaria ml6。处理C和D分别为5株Pediococcus sp. P15、Lactococcus lacto3、Weissella cibaria ml6、Enterococcus faecium E10和Lactobacillus curvatus 13a，剂量分别为300和500 mg/kg。处理E为300 mg/kg的商业益生菌，处理F为不添加益生菌的对照。A、B和E组鱼的末重均显著高于对照组，其中A和B组饲料系数最低。A、D组免疫球蛋白M （IgM）水平显著升高。A组肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）表达降低，白细胞介素6 （IL6）和免疫球蛋白T （IgT）表达分别升高4.4倍和4.22倍。治疗A还导致肠道中乳酸菌数量增加。总体而言，处理A在改善虹鳟鱼生长、免疫和肠道微生物群方面表现出最大的潜力，使其成为虹鳟鱼养殖中有前途的益生菌候选者。

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来源期刊

Research in veterinary science 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.20%

发文量

312

审稿时长

75 days

期刊介绍： Research in Veterinary Science is an International multi-disciplinary journal publishing original articles, reviews and short communications of a high scientific and ethical standard in all aspects of veterinary and biomedical research. The primary aim of the journal is to inform veterinary and biomedical scientists of significant advances in veterinary and related research through prompt publication and dissemination. Secondly, the journal aims to provide a general multi-disciplinary forum for discussion and debate of news and issues concerning veterinary science. Thirdly, to promote the dissemination of knowledge to a broader range of professions, globally. High quality papers on all species of animals are considered, particularly those considered to be of high scientific importance and originality, and with interdisciplinary interest. The journal encourages papers providing results that have clear implications for understanding disease pathogenesis and for the development of control measures or treatments, as well as those dealing with a comparative biomedical approach, which represents a substantial improvement to animal and human health. Studies without a robust scientific hypothesis or that are preliminary, or of weak originality, as well as negative results, are not appropriate for the journal. Furthermore, observational approaches, case studies or field reports lacking an advancement in general knowledge do not fall within the scope of the journal.