Mathew A. Harris, Martin Kemler, Bernard Slippers, Nils Hassel, Joshua Tsamba, Watchara Arthan, Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Taylor AuBuchon-Elder, Maria S. Vorontsova, Sally Archibald, Gareth P. Hempson, Caroline E. R. Lehmann, Guillaume Besnard, Dominik Begerow, Andreas Brachmann, Cédrique L. Solofondranohatra, Michelle Greve
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aim
Studies assessing large-scale patterns of microbial diversity have predominantly focused on free-living microorganisms, often failing to link observed patterns to established theories regarding the maintenance of global diversity patterns. We aimed to determine whether foliar fungi on two closely related grass hosts—Heteropogon contortus and Themeda triandra—display a commonly observed latitudinal gradient in species richness and determine whether host identity, energy (temperature and precipitation), climate seasonality, fire frequency and grass evolutionary history drive the observed patterns in species richness and composition.
Location
Paleotropical.
Time Period
Contemporary.
Major Taxa Studied
Foliar fungi.
Methods
Foliar fungal diversity was quantified from 201 leaf samples of T. triandra and H. contortus collected across the distributional range of these species. Mixed effects models were used to quantify patterns of diversity and their correlates among and within continents. Ordinations were used to assess drivers of composition.
Results
Foliar fungi displayed consistent latitudinal diversity gradients in richness. Energy was a strong driver of richness at inter-continental and continental scales, while other factors had inconsistent impacts on richness among scales, hosts and guilds. Globally, richness was higher in regions of higher growing season temperatures and where hosts were present for longer periods. Composition was primarily structured by geographic region at the global scale, indicating that distance was a dominant driver of community composition. Within Australia, temperature and rainfall seasonality and the amount of growing season rainfall, were the dominant drivers of both richness and composition.
Main Conclusions
We find some support for the idea that foliar fungal species diversity is governed by the same factors as many macro-organisms (energy availability and evolutionary history) at inter-continental scales, but also that fungal diversity and composition in the highly seasonal continent of Australia were driven by factors that shape tropical grassy ecosystems, namely climate seasonality and fire.
期刊介绍：
Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.
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