Association of parental verbal abuse with depression, anxiety, and coping mechanisms among adolescents in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107606

Komal, Sadia Aleem, Sajida Naz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Parental verbal abuse, a form of psychological maltreatment, significantly impacts adolescents' mental health, potentially contributing to depression, anxiety, and maladaptive coping mechanisms.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the relationship between parental verbal abuse and adolescent mental health outcomes (depression and anxiety), as well as coping styles, among adolescents in the Ghizer district of Gilgit-Baltistan.

Participants and setting

The sample comprised 370 adolescents (boys = 175; girls = 195), recruited from public and private schools in the Ghizer district.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was employed using four standardized instruments: the Verbal Abuse Questionnaire (VAQ-15), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-21 (CISS-21). Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess associations and predictive relationships.

Results

Parental verbal abuse significantly predicted depression (β = 0.32, p < .001) and anxiety (β = 0.27, p < .001). It was positively correlated with emotion-oriented coping (r = 0.38, p < .001) and negatively associated with task-oriented coping (r = −0.18, p < .001). Adolescents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds reported higher levels of parental verbal abuse. Girls reported significantly higher levels of depression and anxiety.

Conclusions

Parental verbal abuse poses serious risks for adolescent mental health and coping capacities, particularly among girls and adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds. These findings call for urgent implementation of school-based interventions and parental education programs.

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巴基斯坦吉尔吉特-巴尔蒂斯坦青少年中父母言语虐待与抑郁、焦虑和应对机制的关系

父母言语虐待是一种心理虐待，严重影响青少年的心理健康，可能导致抑郁、焦虑和适应不良的应对机制。目的研究吉尔吉特-巴尔蒂斯坦Ghizer地区父母言语虐待与青少年心理健康状况（抑郁、焦虑）及应对方式的关系。样本包括370名青少年(男孩175名；女孩= 195)，从Ghizer地区的公立和私立学校招募。方法采用四种标准化工具：言语虐待问卷（VAQ-15）、患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑障碍问卷（GAD-7）和应激情境应对量表（csis -21），采用横断面设计。相关和回归分析用于评估关联和预测关系。结果父母言语虐待与抑郁有显著相关性(β = 0.32, p <；.001)和焦虑(β = 0.27, p <；措施)。与情绪导向应对呈正相关(r = 0.38, p <；.001)，与任务导向应对负相关(r = - 0.18, p <；措施)。社会经济背景较低的青少年遭受父母言语虐待的程度更高。女孩的抑郁和焦虑程度明显更高。结论父母言语虐待严重影响青少年的心理健康和应对能力，尤其是社会经济条件较差的女孩和青少年。这些发现呼吁紧急实施以学校为基础的干预措施和家长教育计划。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Child Abuse & Neglect Multiple-

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

10.40%

发文量

397

期刊介绍： Official Publication of the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect The International Journal, provides an international, multidisciplinary forum on all aspects of child abuse and neglect, with special emphasis on prevention and treatment; the scope extends further to all those aspects of life which either favor or hinder child development. While contributions will primarily be from the fields of psychology, psychiatry, social work, medicine, nursing, law enforcement, legislature, education, and anthropology, the Journal encourages the concerned lay individual and child-oriented advocate organizations to contribute.