Alessandro Migliorisi, Diana M Hassel, A Russell Moore, Benjamin W Blair, Pamela A Wilkins
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: To characterize coagulopathies before and after antivenom administration in rattlesnake-envenomated equids.
Methods: Client-owned envenomated equids treated with antivenom at Colorado State University (2023 to 2024). Rattlesnake bite severity score (RBSS), platelet count, prothrombin time, activated thromboplastin time, D-dimers, antithrombin, and viscoelastic testing variables were assessed before and after antivenom administration. Paired comparisons of hemostatic variables between admission and approximately 24 hours, and correlation analysis with RBSS, were performed. Length of hospitalization (LOH) and outcome were recorded.
Results: Seven acutely envenomated equids. Admit median (IQR) RBSS was 7 (4 to 7) out of 13. At admission, coagulopathies were present in all animals. Most common findings were thrombocytopenia, increased D-dimers, abnormal amplitude at 20 minutes (A20), and abnormal maximum clot firmness (MCF) on viscoelastic testing. On the day following admission, RBSS [3 (1 to 3)], A20 (admit, 15.8 ± 10; recheck, 26.4 ± 5), and MCF (admit, 18.7 ± 9.5; recheck, 28.8 ± 6) were improved. Significant correlations were found between RBSS and platelet count (ρ = -0.68; n = 12), activated thromboplastin time (ρ = 0.64; n = 14), A20 (r = -0.70; n = 14), and MCF (ρ = -0.56; n = 14). Median LOH was 2 days. The mortality rate was 0%.
Conclusions: Coagulopathies are common in rattlesnake-envenomated equids, and viscoelastic testing allows for identification and monitoring of qualitative disorders.
Clinical relevance: Antivenom administration may mitigate venom's effects, reduce LOH, and improve outcomes.
期刊介绍：
The American Journal of Veterinary Research supports the collaborative exchange of information between researchers and clinicians by publishing novel research findings that bridge the gulf between basic research and clinical practice or that help to translate laboratory research and preclinical studies to the development of clinical trials and clinical practice. The journal welcomes submission of high-quality original studies and review articles in a wide range of scientific fields, including anatomy, anesthesiology, animal welfare, behavior, epidemiology, genetics, heredity, infectious disease, molecular biology, oncology, pharmacology, pathogenic mechanisms, physiology, surgery, theriogenology, toxicology, and vaccinology. Species of interest include production animals, companion animals, equids, exotic animals, birds, reptiles, and wild and marine animals. Reports of laboratory animal studies and studies involving the use of animals as experimental models of human diseases are considered only when the study results are of demonstrable benefit to the species used in the research or to another species of veterinary interest. Other fields of interest or animals species are not necessarily excluded from consideration, but such reports must focus on novel research findings. Submitted papers must make an original and substantial contribution to the veterinary medicine knowledge base; preliminary studies are not appropriate.
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