Climate Change Impacts on Antarctic Fish Diversity: A Circumpolar Perspective From eDNA Metabarcoding Assessment

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI:10.1111/ddi.70053

Hai Li, Fang Yang, Yuzhuo Liao, Xiang Zhang, Yuan Li, Rui Wang, Ran Zhang, Dong Li, Qianqian Wu, Longshan Lin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Recent climate-driven changes in the Antarctic marine environment, marked by regional differences between West and East Antarctica, may alter ecosystem dynamics. As key components of the food web, fish might reflect these changes. This study examines fish biodiversity patterns across four typical Antarctic seas by integrating eDNA analysis with bottom trawl surveys, focusing on biodiversity shifts and range alterations in response to varying levels of climate change exposure.

Location

Four ecologically distinct Antarctic regions: The Adjacent Waters of Antarctic Peninsula (AAP), the Amundsen Sea-Bellingshausen Sea (ASBS), the Prydz Bay-Cooperation Sea (PBCS), and the Cosmonaut Sea (CS).

Methods

During the 37th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition, we integrated eDNA metabarcoding (from both pelagic and benthic water layers) with bottom trawl surveys across four regions (AAP, ASBS, PBCS, and CS) to characterise regional fish community.

Results

Environmental DNA metabarcoding and trawl surveys detected 40 and 27 Antarctic fish species, respectively. Environmental DNA proved effective in complementing traditional methods and capturing early life stages, especially with a refined local reference database. Species belonging to the suborder Notothenioidei dominated across all surveyed regions. Ten species exhibited range extensions beyond previously documented distributions, likely reflecting historical data gaps, with the exception of Patagonotothen sp.

Main Conclusions

eDNA metabarcoding showed potential for monitoring Antarctic ichthyoplankton. Fish diversity in the four studied seas aligns with the general pattern in the Southern Ocean, while ASBS was identified as a previously overlooked fish diversity hotspot. The southward detection of Patagonotothen sp. may signal climate-driven shifts in species distribution. Future research integrating eDNA with interdisciplinary approaches holds promise for advancing the monitoring of climate change impacts on Antarctic marine ecosystems.

Abstract Image

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气候变化对南极鱼类多样性的影响：来自eDNA元条形码评估的环极视角

目的最近南极海洋环境的气候驱动变化，以南极洲西部和东部的区域差异为标志，可能改变生态系统动态。作为食物网的关键组成部分，鱼类可能反映了这些变化。本研究通过将eDNA分析与底拖网调查相结合，考察了四个典型南极海域的鱼类生物多样性模式，重点关注生物多样性变化和范围变化，以应对不同程度的气候变化。四个生态截然不同的南极区域：南极半岛邻近水域（AAP）、阿蒙森-别令斯高森海（ASBS）、普里兹湾-合作海（PBCS）和宇航员海（CS）。方法在第37次中国国家南极科考期间，我们将eDNA元条形码（来自中上层和底栖水层）与四个区域（AAP， ASBS， PBCS和CS）的底拖网调查相结合，以表征区域鱼类群落。结果环境DNA元条形码和拖网调查分别检测到40种和27种南极鱼类。事实证明，环境DNA在补充传统方法和捕捉生命早期阶段方面是有效的，特别是与完善的当地参考数据库相结合。在所有调查区域中，Notothenioidei亚目占主导地位。除Patagonotothen sp外，10个物种的分布范围超出了先前记录的分布范围，可能反映了历史数据的空白。主要结论eDNA元条形码具有监测南极浮游鱼的潜力。四个研究海域的鱼类多样性与南大洋的总体模式一致，而ASBS被确定为以前被忽视的鱼类多样性热点。向南发现的Patagonotothen sp可能标志着气候驱动的物种分布变化。将eDNA与跨学科方法相结合的未来研究有望推进气候变化对南极海洋生态系统影响的监测。

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来源期刊

Diversity and Distributions 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

4.30%

发文量

195

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Diversity and Distributions is a journal of conservation biogeography. We publish papers that deal with the application of biogeographical principles, theories, and analyses (being those concerned with the distributional dynamics of taxa and assemblages) to problems concerning the conservation of biodiversity. We no longer consider papers the sole aim of which is to describe or analyze patterns of biodiversity or to elucidate processes that generate biodiversity.