Factors related to COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness perception in racially diverse adults in Canada

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127498

Rose Darly Dalexis , Mwali Muray , Taddele Cherinet Kibret , Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi , Jude Mary Cénat

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Abstract

While disparities in COVID-19 vaccine confidence, mistrust, hesitancy, and uptake are well documented, the perception of vaccine efficacy remains understudied in Canada. This study investigates racial differences in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy perception and examines associated factors across Arab, Asian, Black, Indigenous, and White populations. A representative sample of 4220 participants (2358 women) aged 16 and older completed measures assessing perception of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy, conspiracy beliefs, health literacy, and racial discrimination in healthcare settings. Data were collected through a randomly selected online panel in October 2023. The overall mean vaccine efficacy perception score was 17.1 (SD = 4.5), with significant variation across racial groups (F(6, 4213) = 8.0, p < .001). Asian participants (M = 18.4; SD = 3.1) reported higher scores compared to Arab (M = 17.0; SD = 4.3), Black (M = 17.2; SD = 4.3), Indigenous (M = 16.4; SD = 5.2), and White (M = 17.1; SD = 4.4) participants. The most important factors associated with vaccine efficacy perception were conspiracy beliefs (β = −0.32, p < .001), health literacy (β = 0.07, p < .001), and the number of vaccine doses in White individuals. Conspiracy beliefs (β = −0.19, p < .001), higher education (β = 0.28, p < .001), health literacy (β = 0.16, p < .001), more vaccine doses (β = 1.61, p < .001), and experiences of racial discrimination in healthcare prior to accounting for conspiracy beliefs (β = −0.10, p < .05) were the most important factors for racialized individuals. This study highlights significant differences in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy perceptions across racial groups. The findings underscore the impact of factors such as conspiracy beliefs, health literacy, education level, age, and racial discrimination in healthcare on vaccine efficacy perceptions. Public health strategies should address misinformation, prioritize health literacy, and promote anti-racist practices in healthcare to improve vaccine confidence and acceptance.

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加拿大不同种族成年人对COVID-19疫苗有效性认知的相关因素

虽然对COVID-19疫苗的信心、不信任、犹豫和接受方面的差异有充分的记录，但在加拿大，对疫苗效力的看法仍未得到充分研究。本研究调查了COVID-19疫苗功效认知的种族差异，并研究了阿拉伯人、亚洲人、黑人、土著和白人人群的相关因素。4220名16岁及以上参与者（2358名女性）的代表性样本完成了评估医疗机构中对COVID-19疫苗功效、阴谋信念、健康素养和种族歧视的看法的措施。数据是在2023年10月通过随机选择的在线小组收集的。总体平均疫苗功效感知得分为17.1 (SD = 4.5)，种族间差异显著(F(6, 4213) = 8.0, p <；措施)。亚洲参与者(M = 18.4；SD = 3.1)报告的得分高于阿拉伯人(M = 17.0；SD = 4.3)，黑色(M = 17.2；SD = 4.3)，土著人(M = 16.4；SD = 5.2), White (M = 17.1；SD = 4.4)参与者。与疫苗功效感知相关的最重要因素是阴谋信念(β = - 0.32, p <；.001)、健康素养(β = 0.07, p <；.001)，以及白人的疫苗剂量。阴谋信念(β = - 0.19, p <；.001)，高等教育(β = 0.28, p <；.001)、健康素养(β = 0.16, p <；.001)，更多的疫苗剂量(β = 1.61, p <；.001)，在考虑阴谋信念之前，医疗保健中的种族歧视经历(β = - 0.10, p <；（0.05）是种族化个体最重要的因素。这项研究强调了不同种族对COVID-19疫苗功效的看法存在显著差异。研究结果强调了阴谋信念、健康素养、教育水平、年龄和医疗保健中的种族歧视等因素对疫苗功效认知的影响。公共卫生战略应解决错误信息，优先开展卫生知识普及，并促进卫生保健领域的反种族主义做法，以提高对疫苗的信心和接受度。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

期刊介绍： Vaccine is unique in publishing the highest quality science across all disciplines relevant to the field of vaccinology - all original article submissions across basic and clinical research, vaccine manufacturing, history, public policy, behavioral science and ethics, social sciences, safety, and many other related areas are welcomed. The submission categories as given in the Guide for Authors indicate where we receive the most papers. Papers outside these major areas are also welcome and authors are encouraged to contact us with specific questions.