MXene quantum dots-engineered NiOₓ nanoparticles for high-efficiency wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells

IF 13.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2025.166305

Zihao Wang, Weidong Zhu, Laijun Liang, Dandan Chen, Xiaomeng Wu, Wenming Chai, He Xi, Peng Zhong, Zhiming Li, Chunfu Zhang, Jincheng Zhang, Yue Hao

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Abstract

NiOₓ is a promising hole-transporting layer (HTL) for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but its practical application is hindered by high defect density, low conductivity, and poor compatibility with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Here, we report a strategy to enhance commercial NiOₓ nanoparticles (NPs) by incorporating Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene quantum dots (MQDs), which offer abundant surface functional groups (–OH, Abstract Image

F) and high conductivity. Moreover, MQDs promote surface hydroxylation and the formation of NiOOH species in NiOₓ NPs, while co-addition of H₂O₂ narrows their particle size distribution and suppresses aggregation, yielding NiOₓ films with improved morphology, conductivity, energy alignment, and SAM anchoring. When combined with 1.68 eV-bandgap perovskites, the modified NiOₓ enables better crystallinity, enlarged grains, and fewer interfacial defects, boosting the efficiency of opaque PSCs to 22.96 %. This strategy also enables efficient two-terminal TOPCon/perovskite and four-terminal HBC/perovskite tandem cells, achieving champion efficiencies of 31.06 % and 32.20 %, respectively. All devices show excellent ambient humidity stability, underscoring the potential of MQDs-engineered NiOₓ HTLs for scalable, high-performance photovoltaics.

Abstract Image

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MXene量子点工程NiOₓ纳米粒子用于高效宽带隙钙钛矿太阳能电池

NiOₓ是一种很有前途的用于倒钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）的空孔传输层（HTL），但其缺陷密度高、电导率低、与自组装单层（SAMs）相容性差，阻碍了其实际应用。在这里，我们报告了一种通过加入Ti₃C₂TₓMXene量子点（MQDs）来增强商用NiOₓ纳米颗粒（NPs）的策略，该量子点具有丰富的表面官能团（-OH， O， F）和高导电性。此外，mqd促进了NiOₓNPs中的表面羟基化和NiOOH物质的形成，而h2o的共添加缩小了它们的粒径分布并抑制了聚集，从而产生了具有改善形貌、电导率、能量排列和SAM锚定的NiOₓ膜。当与1.68 ev -带隙钙钛矿结合时，改性的NiOₓ具有更好的结晶度，晶粒扩大，界面缺陷减少，使不透明psc的效率提高到22.96 %。该策略还可以实现高效的双端TOPCon/钙钛矿和四端HBC/钙钛矿串联电池，分别实现31.06 %和32.20 %的冠军效率。所有设备都表现出出色的环境湿度稳定性，强调了mqds设计的NiOₓHTLs在可扩展、高性能光伏发电方面的潜力。

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来源期刊

Chemical Engineering Journal 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

21.70

自引率

9.30%

发文量

6781

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Chemical Engineering Journal is an international research journal that invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. It aims to provide an international platform for presenting original fundamental research, interpretative reviews, and discussions on new developments in chemical engineering. The journal welcomes papers that describe novel theory and its practical application, as well as those that demonstrate the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. It also welcomes reports on carefully conducted experimental work that is soundly interpreted. The main focus of the journal is on original and rigorous research results that have broad significance. The Catalysis section within the Chemical Engineering Journal focuses specifically on Experimental and Theoretical studies in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, molecular catalysis, and biocatalysis. These studies have industrial impact on various sectors such as chemicals, energy, materials, foods, healthcare, and environmental protection.