Complications Following Wrist Arthroscopy for Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Injuries: a Prospective Analysis.

Abstract

Background: Wrist arthroscopy has emerged as the standard for diagnosing and treating triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries. While generally considered safe, complications do occur.

Objective: This study aims to analyze complications in a series of 68 consecutive patients who underwent wrist arthroscopy for TFCC pathology. This study evaluates the incidence and nature of complications following wrist arthroscopy for TFCC injuries.

Methods: A prospective study of 68 patients who underwent wrist arthroscopy for TFCC injuries between January 2021 and July 2024 was conducted. Patient demographics, injury characteristics, surgical details, and complications were recorded. Patients were followed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months postoperatively. Statistical analysis identified potential risk factors for complications.

Results: In our cohort (41 females, 27 males; mean age 32.7 ± 9.2 years), complications occurred in 8.8% of cases (n=6). All complications were neurological, involving the sensory branch of the ulnar nerve, with 7.4% (n=5) experiencing numbness in the 4th and 5th digits and 1.4% (n=1) experiencing isolated 5th digit numbness. All symptoms resolved within 3 months without specific treatment. No significant associations were found between complications and injury type, surgical technique, or operative parameters (p>0.05). A learning curve was observed, with all complications occurring within the first 25 cases.

Conclusion: Wrist arthroscopy for TFCC injuries demonstrates a relatively low complication rate (8.8%), with temporary ulnar nerve-related sensory symptoms being the predominant issue. Surgical experience appears to be an important factor in reducing complications. This study supports the safety of wrist arthroscopy in managing TFCC injuries when performed by experienced surgeons.