Joint effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cannabis on neurocognition.

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI:10.1037/neu0001003

Ashley R Adams, Sarah M Lehman, Erin L Thompson, Christine M Kaiver, Diego Lopez, Samuel W Hawes, Brenda Lerner, Catalina Lopez-Quintero, Raul Gonzalez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Cannabis has become increasingly accessible to populations living with chronic health conditions such as HIV. Many people living with HIV are turning to cannabis for symptom relief despite the unclear risks to neurocognitive health. Our study sought to replicate and extend prior research by examining global and domain-specific neurocognitive performance between four groups stratified by use of cannabis (CB; CB+/CB-) and HIV serostatus (HIV+/HIV-).

Method: Our demographically diverse community sample (N = 269) underwent exclusion and inclusion criteria to isolate the effects of cannabis use (CU) and HIV on neurocognition. We explored between-group comparisons of neurocognitive performance, probability of neurocognitive impairment, and interactive effects of CU/HIV serostatus.

Results: Between-group comparisons revealed nonsignificant differences in global or domain-specific neurocognitive performance. However, the CB+/HIV+ group was three times (99% CI [1.18, 9.57]) more likely to be labeled with a memory impairment compared to the control (CB-/HIV-), and the CB+/HIV- group was twice (99% CI [.14, 7.47]) as likely to be labeled with an executive functioning impairment compared to the control. We also identified an interactive effect between the past 30-day CU and HIV serostatus for global (b = -.026, 99% CI [-.04, -.01]) and motor (b = -.052, 99% CI [-.07, -.03]) neurocognitive performance. Findings support a nuanced relationship between CU and HIV, which may partly explain mixed literature.

Conclusions: Although we conclude that recent and heavy CU poses risk of neurocognitive decline among people living with HIVs, this effect is modest. Physicians and patients must weigh a possible decrease in global and motor neurocognition against the severity of symptoms being treated. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

查看原文本刊更多论文

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和大麻对神经认知的共同影响。

目标：患有艾滋病毒等慢性疾病的人群越来越容易获得大麻。尽管大麻对神经认知健康的风险尚不清楚，但许多艾滋病毒感染者正在转向大麻以缓解症状。我们的研究试图通过检查大麻使用分层的四组之间的整体和特定领域的神经认知表现来复制和扩展先前的研究(CB；CB+/CB-)和HIV血清状态（HIV+/HIV-）。方法：我们的人口统计学多样化的社区样本（N = 269）进行了排除和纳入标准，以分离大麻使用（CU）和HIV对神经认知的影响。我们探讨了组间比较的神经认知表现，神经认知障碍的可能性，以及CU/HIV血清状态的相互作用。结果：组间比较显示整体或特定领域的神经认知表现无显著差异。然而，与对照组（CB-/HIV-）相比，CB+/HIV+组被标记为记忆障碍的可能性是对照组（CB-/HIV-）的3倍（99% CI [1.18, 9.57]）， CB+/HIV-组是对照组（CB-/HIV-）的2倍（99% CI[1.18, 9.57]）。[14.7.47])与对照组相比，更有可能被贴上执行功能障碍的标签。我们还确定了过去30天CU与全球（b = -） HIV血清状态之间的交互作用。[26] [j]；[04, - 0.01])和马达(b = -。[52] [j]；[07, - 0.03])神经认知表现。研究结果支持CU和HIV之间的微妙关系，这可能部分解释了混合文献。结论：尽管我们得出结论，近期和重度铜血症对hiv感染者的神经认知能力下降有风险，但这种影响是适度的。医生和患者必须权衡全局和运动神经认知能力的可能下降与正在治疗的症状的严重性。（PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA，版权所有）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neuropsychology 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

4.20%

发文量

132

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Neuropsychology publishes original, empirical research; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; and theoretical articles on the relation between brain and human cognitive, emotional, and behavioral function.