Dr AI will see you now: could artificial intelligence replace general practitioners?

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly advancing field aiming to replicate human intelligence in performing complex tasks. Whilst AI is having significant impacts on technology-driven medical specialties like radiology and pathology, its integration into general practice remains limited. This essay explores AI's historical evolution, its applications in healthcare, and potential to replace general practitioners (GPs). Research and development have shown promise for AI's use in triage, risk profiling, and mental health support in the primary care setting. Nevertheless, AI faces challenges with data privacy concerns, diagnostic errors, and the potential loss of human connection. Continuity of care, relational communication, and GPs' intuitive decision-making remain central to effective patient care, aspects that are challenging for AI to replicate. Although AI could make positive contributions to general practice, its ability to replace GPs entirely seems unlikely due to the inherently human nature of empathetic and personalised care.