Risk of developing thyroid eye disease in patients with thyroid dysfunction that received a COVID-19 vaccination.

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI:10.1016/j.jcjo.2025.06.017

Linus Amarikwa, Patcharaporn Chandraparnik, Karen M Wai, Ehsan Rahimy, Benyam Kinde, Euna Koo, Chase Ludwig, Chrysoula Dosiou, Prithvi Mruthyunjaya, Andrea L Kossler

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To assess the risk of developing thyroid eye disease (TED) after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in patients with thyroid dysfunction.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Participants: All patients with hyperthyroidism with no history of TED prior to March 2021 and no history of another orbital inflammatory disease.

Methods: The rates of TED in patients that received or did not receive any type of COVID-19 vaccination were compared. TED incidence was also compared in those receiving influenza and Tdap vaccines. All patient records were identified using the TriNetX network (Cambridge, MA). Propensity score matching (PSM) was done to control for differences in baseline demographics and medical comorbidities. The primary outcome was the relative risk of developing TED after COVID-19 vaccination.

Results: A total of 373,909 patients with hyperthyroidism and no signs of TED were identified. After matching and assessing for vaccination status, 69,378 patients were in the COVID-19 vaccine and no COVID-19 vaccine cohorts. We found that COVID-19 vaccination resulted in an increased risk of developing TED when compared with the no COVID-19 vaccine (RR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.39-1.58), Tdap (RR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.56-2.06), and influenza cohorts (RR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.49-1.88).

Conclusions: Patients with underlying hyperthyroidism demonstrated an increased risk of developing TED following COVID-19 vaccination. Although further studies are required to confirm these findings, patients with underlying autoimmune thyroid dysfunction should receive education on the signs and symptoms of TED and be monitored for the development of TED after COVID-19 vaccination.

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接种COVID-19疫苗的甲状腺功能障碍患者患甲状腺眼病的风险

目的：评估甲状腺功能障碍患者接种mRNA - COVID-19疫苗后发生甲状腺眼病（TED）的风险。设计：回顾性队列研究。参与者：所有甲状腺功能亢进患者，在2021年3月之前没有TED病史，也没有其他眼眶炎症病史。方法：比较接受或未接受任何类型COVID-19疫苗接种的患者的TED发生率。还比较了接种流感疫苗和百白破疫苗的患者的TED发病率。使用TriNetX网络（Cambridge， MA）识别所有患者记录。进行倾向评分匹配（PSM）来控制基线人口统计学和医学合并症的差异。主要终点是COVID-19疫苗接种后发生TED的相对风险。结果：共有373,909例甲状腺功能亢进患者未发现TED症状。在匹配和评估疫苗接种状况后，69,378例患者属于COVID-19疫苗和未接种COVID-19疫苗的队列。我们发现，与未接种COVID-19疫苗相比，接种COVID-19疫苗导致发生TED的风险增加（RR = 1.49,95% CI: 1.39-1.58）， Tdap （RR = 1.80,95% CI: 1.56-2.06）和流感队列（RR = 1.68,95% CI: 1.49-1.88）。结论：潜在甲状腺功能亢进患者在接种COVID-19疫苗后发生TED的风险增加。虽然需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现，但潜在的自身免疫性甲状腺功能障碍患者应接受有关TED体征和症状的教育，并在COVID-19疫苗接种后监测TED的发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

4.80%

发文量

223

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Official journal of the Canadian Ophthalmological Society. The Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology (CJO) is the official journal of the Canadian Ophthalmological Society and is committed to timely publication of original, peer-reviewed ophthalmology and vision science articles.