Addressing the challenge of global delays in diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex and increasingly prevalent disease that presents substantial challenges in both diagnosis and management. Diagnostic delays frequently lead to irreversible organ damage, and remain a crucial concern, mainly among vulnerable populations, such as minority ethnic groups and those living in the global south. These delays are exacerbated by the clinical heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus, the lack of specific diagnostic biomarkers, gaps in disease awareness or medical training, and persistent health care disparities, particularly in low-resource settings. This Perspective highlights the urgent need for a standardized definition of diagnostic delay that accounts for both clinical and socio-economic factors. By prioritizing early intervention and expanding access to specialized care, we can improve patient outcomes and reduce the long-term burden of the disease. Delays in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus negatively affect the treatment, quality of life and outcomes of affected individuals. In this Perspective, the authors provide an overview of the contributing factors and consequences of diagnostic delay in systemic lupus erythematosus and discuss how this urgent issue should be addressed.