The impact of anti-craving medication on cue reactivity and abstinence in patients undergoing alcohol detoxification: some preliminary evidence from a retrospective event-related potentials study.
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Rationale: While medications such as acamprosate, baclofen, or naltrexone have shown promising effects in the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD), meta-analyses have yielded conflicting findings regarding their efficacy. This retrospective study examined whether alcohol cue reactivity and its neural correlates could serve as protective factors against relapse in AUD inpatients receiving pharmacological treatment during a three-week detoxification program.
Method: Fifty-eight inpatients diagnosed with AUD undergoing a three-weeks detoxification program were selected. These patients received either acamprosate (n = 21), naltrexone (n = 21), or baclofen (n = 16) during their stay. They completed an event-related potential cue-reactivity task at the beginning (T0) and end (T1) of the program. Follow-up data on relapse were collected up to two months post- discharge.
Results: The Log-Rank (Mantel-Cox) test ([Formula: see text] (2) = 5.84; p =.059) revealed a marginally significant difference in survival distributions between medications. A significant difference emerged between baclofen and acamprosate groups ([Formula: see text] (1) = 4.73; p =.030), with slower return to alcohol use in the baclofen group. No other significant difference emerged between the acamprosate and naltrexone groups or between the naltrexone and baclofen groups (p >.05). Only the baclofen group showed a significant reduction in oddball P3 amplitude between T0 and T1 (p =.002), suggesting decreased neural cue reactivity.
Conclusion: A reduction in neural cue reactivity, observed exclusively in the baclofen group, may act as a protective factor against early relapse in AUD. However, this study was underpowered, and findings should be interpreted cautiously until confirmed in larger prospective investigations.
期刊介绍：
Official Journal of the European Behavioural Pharmacology Society (EBPS)
Psychopharmacology is an international journal that covers the broad topic of elucidating mechanisms by which drugs affect behavior. The scope of the journal encompasses the following fields:
Human Psychopharmacology: Experimental
This section includes manuscripts describing the effects of drugs on mood, behavior, cognition and physiology in humans. The journal encourages submissions that involve brain imaging, genetics, neuroendocrinology, and developmental topics. Usually manuscripts in this section describe studies conducted under controlled conditions, but occasionally descriptive or observational studies are also considered.
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Translational
This section comprises studies addressing the broad intersection of drugs and psychiatric illness. This includes not only clinical trials and studies of drug usage and metabolism, drug surveillance, and pharmacoepidemiology, but also work utilizing the entire range of clinically relevant methodologies, including neuroimaging, pharmacogenetics, cognitive science, biomarkers, and others. Work directed toward the translation of preclinical to clinical knowledge is especially encouraged. The key feature of submissions to this section is that they involve a focus on clinical aspects.
Preclinical psychopharmacology: Behavioral and Neural
This section considers reports on the effects of compounds with defined chemical structures on any aspect of behavior, in particular when correlated with neurochemical effects, in species other than humans. Manuscripts containing neuroscientific techniques in combination with behavior are welcome. We encourage reports of studies that provide insight into the mechanisms of drug action, at the behavioral and molecular levels.
Preclinical Psychopharmacology: Translational
This section considers manuscripts that enhance the confidence in a central mechanism that could be of therapeutic value for psychiatric or neurological patients, using disease-relevant preclinical models and tests, or that report on preclinical manipulations and challenges that have the potential to be translated to the clinic. Studies aiming at the refinement of preclinical models based upon clinical findings (back-translation) will also be considered. The journal particularly encourages submissions that integrate measures of target tissue exposure, activity on the molecular target and/or modulation of the targeted biochemical pathways.
Preclinical Psychopharmacology: Molecular, Genetic and Epigenetic
This section focuses on the molecular and cellular actions of neuropharmacological agents / drugs, and the identification / validation of drug targets affecting the CNS in health and disease. We particularly encourage studies that provide insight into the mechanisms of drug action at the molecular level. Manuscripts containing evidence for genetic or epigenetic effects on neurochemistry or behavior are welcome.
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