Impact of graves'ophthalmopathy on quality of life, depression, and anxiety among turkish patients.

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the quality of life, depression, and anxiety levels of Turkish patients with Graves' Ophthalmopathy (GO) of different disease activity and severity, using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Graves' Ophthalmopathy Quality of Life (GO-QOL) questionnaire and to compare these findings with healthy controls.

Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional clinical study. The study population included 25 patients with active GO, 25 patients with inactive GO, and 25 patients with non-ophthalmopathy Graves' disease. A group of 30 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers was included as a control group. All participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination followed by the administration of the GO-QOL, BDI, and BAI questionnaires.

Results: No statistically significant difference was found among the four groups in terms of age or gender (p = 0.752, p = 0.981, respectively). BDI and BAI scores were significantly higher in the Active GO group compared to the Control group (p = 0.001, p = 0.024, respectively). In the Inactive GO group, BDI scores were also higher than the Control group (p = 0.017), while no significant difference was observed in BAI scores (p = 0.087). A comparison of GO-QOL scores revealed that both Active GO and Inactive GO groups had significantly lower scores compared to both the Non-Ophthalmopathy Graves' group (p < 0.001, p = 0.003) and the Control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The present study identified a decrease in quality of life and an increase in depression and anxiety scores in both active and inactive Turkish GO patients.