The association between parenting styles and depression symptoms in young adults with major depressive disorder: A latent profile analysis.

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Social Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI:10.1177/00207640251353542

Fan Wang, Hao Hou, Sichen Zhou, Shufang Zhang, Li Jun Kang, Chunfeng Tian, Liandi Jing, Qinyu Wang, Jie Chen, Huijing Zou, Dan Luo, Bing Xiang Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Parenting styles (PSs) are significant risk factors for major depressive disorder (MDD) in young adults. Understanding the common features of these parenting styles and their specific effects on depression is crucial for effective intervention.

Aims: To assess the profiles of paternal and maternal parenting styles and their impact on depression-related symptoms in young Chinese adults with MDD.

Method: This study involved 717 young adult outpatients (24.20 ± 3.84 years) with MDD, diagnosed at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between April and December 2019. Participants completed the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) questionnaire and scales measuring depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), anhedonia (SHAPS), and physical symptoms (PHQ-15). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify PS profiles. The effects of different parenting style profiles on depression, anxiety, and anhedonia were assessed using stepwise linear regression.

Results: LPA identified three profiles for both paternal and maternal PSs. For fathers: 'Warm-Preference PS' (27.2%), 'moderate PS' (65.3%), and 'Harsh-Controlling PS' (7.53%). For mothers: 'Warm-Preference PS' (34.7%), 'moderate PS' (12%), and 'Harsh-Controlling PS' (53.3%). Regression analyses revealed that punitive and overprotective parenting significantly affected depression and anxiety, while emotionally warm parenting correlated with better mental health.

Conclusions: This study applied LPA to classify PS in MDD patients and revealing maternal-specific effects, addressing gaps in prior research. It underscores three distinguished PSs and the significant correlations between PSs and the severity of depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms in young adults with MDD. Specific patterns of parenting influence mental health outcomes, highlighting the importance of early intervention.

查看原文本刊更多论文

父母教养方式与年轻成人重度抑郁症抑郁症状之间的关系：一项潜在剖面分析

背景：父母教养方式是青少年重度抑郁障碍（MDD）的重要危险因素。了解这些教养方式的共同特征及其对抑郁症的具体影响对于有效干预至关重要。目的：评估父母教养方式及其对中国年轻MDD患者抑郁相关症状的影响。方法：本研究纳入2019年4月至12月武汉大学人民医院诊断的717例MDD青年成人门诊患者（24.20±3.84岁）。参与者完成了Egna Minnen av Barndoms upfostran （EMBU）问卷和抑郁（PHQ-9）、焦虑（GAD-7）、快感缺乏（SHAPS）和身体症状（PHQ-15）的量表。利用潜在剖面分析（LPA）对PS剖面进行鉴定。采用逐步线性回归评估不同教养方式对抑郁、焦虑和快感缺乏的影响。结果：LPA鉴定出父亲和母亲的三种PSs。对于父亲来说：“温暖偏好型”（27.2%）、“温和型”（65.3%）和“严厉控制型”（7.53%）。母亲：“温暖偏好型PS”（34.7%）、“温和型PS”（12%）和“严厉控制型PS”（53.3%）。回归分析显示，惩罚性和过度保护的养育方式显著影响抑郁和焦虑，而情感温暖的养育方式与更好的心理健康相关。结论：本研究应用LPA对MDD患者的PS进行分类，揭示了母体特异性效应，弥补了以往研究的空白。它强调了三种不同的PSs，以及PSs与年轻MDD患者抑郁、焦虑和躯体症状严重程度之间的显著相关性。具体的养育方式影响心理健康结果，突出了早期干预的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Social Psychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

12.30

自引率

1.30%

发文量

120

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, established in 1954, is a leading publication dedicated to the field of social psychiatry. It serves as a platform for the exchange of research findings and discussions on the influence of social, environmental, and cultural factors on mental health and well-being. The journal is particularly relevant to psychiatrists and multidisciplinary professionals globally who are interested in understanding the broader context of psychiatric disorders and their impact on individuals and communities. Social psychiatry, as a discipline, focuses on the origins and outcomes of mental health issues within a social framework, recognizing the interplay between societal structures and individual mental health. The journal draws connections with related fields such as social anthropology, cultural psychiatry, and sociology, and is influenced by the latest developments in these areas. The journal also places a special emphasis on fast-track publication for brief communications, ensuring that timely and significant research can be disseminated quickly. Additionally, it strives to reflect its international readership by publishing state-of-the-art reviews from various regions around the world, showcasing the diverse practices and perspectives within the psychiatric disciplines. This approach not only contributes to the scientific understanding of social psychiatry but also supports the global exchange of knowledge and best practices in mental health care.