Techno-economic analysis of mobile street cleaner (mSC) for sustainable municipal solid waste litter management

Abstract

The rapid increase in municipal solid waste (MSW) litter generation has led to substantial issues related to mismanagement in collection and disposal practices. Growing urban populations and shifting consumption patterns have created an increasing financial burden on local authorities responsible for managing MSW litter efficiently. Therefore, a sustainable technological solution is urgently needed to enhance collection efficiency, promote recycling, and reduce environmental impact. This study conducted a techno-economic analysis of a mobile street cleaner (mSC) designed to improve the efficiency of MSW litter collection. The aim was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness, operational performance, and financial feasibility of deploying mSC in urban areas. Life cycle cost (LCC) analysis was performed considering four major segments: acquisition and manufacturing cost (AMC), operational cost (OC), maintenance cost, and salvage cost of the product. The total LCC of mSC was INR 2.48 x 10⁶/year. Percentage contribution from AMC and OC was 40–45 % (INR 1.125 × 10⁶/year) and 47–52 % (INR 1.28 × 10⁶/year) to LCC. From sensitivity analysis, it was found that a 15–25 % reduction in AMC through government subsidiary schemes could result in a 10–12 % reduction in LCC. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis was performed considering revenue gain from the collection of recyclable MSW litter and rental charges. The break-even point and net present value revealed that the mSC unit can achieve profitability within 3.5–7 years. The study could serve as a valuable resource for technocrats, policymakers, and researchers offering insights that can guide innovations and decision-making to achieve efficient and sustainable MSW litter management.