Distribution, sources, and ecological risks of heavy metal contamination at the sediment-water interface in the Dongjiang Basin based on in situ high-resolution measurements

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126853

Weijie Li , Mengdi Yang , Kang Liao , Jianle Wang , Zhiwei Huang , Hailong Zeng , Huaiyang Fang , Hong Deng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

As a critical drinking water source for over 40 million people in southern China, the Dongjiang River faces growing ecological threats from sediment-derived heavy metals (HMs: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn). This pioneering study is the first to integrate DGT, HR-Peeper, and BCR techniques, achieving three breakthroughs: (1) millimeter-scale resolution mapping of SWI dynamics, (2) a mechanistic assessment of mobility and bioavailability through DIFS modeling and flux calculations, and (3) a quantitative source apportionment that combines lead isotopes with machine learning–enhanced multivariate statistics (PCA-PMF-RF). Key findings demonstrate the following: (i) the accumulation of HMs downstream, (ii) Cd as the predominant risk factor despite moderate pollution levels, and (iii) Mn-Cd release as a previously underestimated threat, evidenced by positive diffusion fluxes and kinetic parameters. Using Pb isotopes and multivariate statistics (PCA-PMF-RF), we identified three dominant sources: natural/agricultural (42.6 %), industrial (18.9 %), and composite anthropogenic (38.5 %). This multi-methodological framework sets new standards for SWI studies and provides actionable data for watershed management.

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基于原位高分辨率测量的东江流域沉积物-水界面重金属污染分布、来源及生态风险

作为中国南方4000多万人口的重要饮用水源，东江面临着来自沉积物的重金属（HMs: As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn）日益严重的生态威胁。这项开创性的研究首次整合了DGT、HR-Peeper和BCR技术，实现了三个突破：(1)SWI动态的毫米级分辨率映射，(2)通过DIFS建模和通量计算对迁移率和生物利用度进行机制评估，以及(3)将铅同位素与机器学习增强的多元统计（PCA-PMF-RF）相结合的定量来源分配。主要研究结果表明：(i)下游有机污染物的积累；（ii）尽管污染程度中等，但镉仍是主要的危险因素；（iii）锰镉释放是一种以前被低估的威胁，正向扩散通量和动力学参数证明了这一点。利用铅同位素和多变量统计（PCA-PMF-RF），我们确定了三个主要来源：自然/农业（42.6%），工业（18.9%）和复合人为（38.5%）。这一多方法框架为SWI研究设定了新的标准，并为流域管理提供了可操作的数据。

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.