The molecular diagnosis and management of rare D--/D-- variants within a family of Iranian descent

Abstract

Anti-Hr0 (Anti-Rh17) is an uncommon antibody to high-frequency antigens within the Rh blood group system. It is found in individuals who do not possess the typical antigens of the Rh system, such as those with D--/D-- and Dc–/Dc- phenotypes, particularly after they have been exposed to red blood cells of the prevalent Rh phenotype through pregnancy or blood transfusion. This antibody has impacted numerous expectant mothers, resulting in perinatal fatalities. As a result, prompt and efficient handling of these situations is crucial. We present a case involving a mother with a D-- phenotype who tested positive for anti-Rh17 and subsequently gave birth to an infant exhibiting anemia and elevated bilirubin levels. In the course of this study, the family members were assessed, revealing that four individuals were identified with the D-- phenotype.